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帕米膦酸

Pamidronate

Pamidronate disodium

雙磷酸鹽類IV狗貓

別名: Aredia · Pamidronate disodium · Pamidronic acid

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

0.65-2 mg/kg (typically 1 mg/kg) slow infusion with NaCl 0.9% over 2-4 hoursIV· q28days if required· As needed
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Hypercalcaemia / Bone tumour pain0.65-2 mg/kg (typically 1 mg/kg) slow infusion with NaCl 0.9% over 2-4 hoursIVq28days if requiredAs needed🌍 EU
Cholecalciferol-induced toxicosis0.65-2 mg/kg (typically 1 mg/kg) slow infusion with NaCl 0.9% over 2-4 hoursIVOn days 1 and 4 post-ingestion2 doses🌍 EU
  • Hypercalcaemia / Bone tumour pain: Some clinicians advocate 0.9% NaCl i.v. for 2 hours before and after the infusion.
  • Cholecalciferol-induced toxicosis: Some clinicians advocate 0.9% NaCl i.v. for 2 hours before and after the infusion.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Hypercalcaemia1.0-2.0 mg/kg slow (over 4 hours) infusionIVSingle doseOver 4 hours🌍 EU

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

​帕米膦酸​是一種雙磷酸鹽類藥物，在獸醫學中主要用於治療​高血鈣症​，特別是與維生素D中毒（如誤食含膽鈣化醇的殺鼠劑）或惡性腫瘤引起的高血鈣症相關。

​臨床警告：​ 帕米膦酸可能引起腎臟毒性，對於已有腎功能障礙的病患為禁忌症。給藥期間必須保持充足的水分。

​臨床提示：​ 除了治療高血鈣症外，帕米膦酸也常被用作輔助鎮痛劑，以緩解犬隻惡性骨溶解和骨腫瘤（如骨肉瘤）相關的疼痛。

作用機制

Pamidronate binds strongly to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix. It inhibits osteoclast activity and induces osteoclast apoptosis → decreases bone resorption → lowers serum calcium concentrations and reduces osteolytic bone destruction and associated pain.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Renal dysfunction

不良反應

  • Renal toxicity
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhoea
  • Hypocalcaemia
  • Hypophosphataemia
  • Hypomagnesaemia
  • Hypersensitivity reactions
  • Ophthalmic syndromes (reported in humans)
  • Bone pain (reported in humans)
  • Electrolyte abnormalities (reported in humans)
  • Blood dyscrasias (reported in humans)

注意事項

Normal handling precautions should be observed. Adequate hydration is critical. Monitor renal parameters (BUN, creatinine) and serum electrolytes (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium) closely. Administer strictly as a slow intravenous infusion (over 2-4 hours) diluted in 0.9% NaCl to minimize nephrotoxicity.

藥物相互作用

AminoglycosidesMajor

Concurrent use may result in severe hypocalcaemia

NSAIDsModerate

Increased risk of renal toxicity; use with caution

監測

  • Serum calcium (ionized and total)
  • Serum phosphorus
  • Serum magnesium
  • Renal function panel (BUN, Creatinine, USG)
  • Hydration status

藥物動力學

吸收

Administered intravenously; 100% bioavailability.

分佈

Rapidly partitions to bone, binding to hydroxyapatite crystals.

代謝

Not metabolized.

排除

Excreted unchanged primarily via the kidneys.

過量

Overdosage may lead to severe hypocalcaemia, hypophosphataemia, and hypomagnesaemia, as well as acute renal failure. Treatment is supportive, including intravenous fluids and electrolyte supplementation (e.g., calcium gluconate) as dictated by serum monitoring.

可用產品

劑型

  • 15 mg powder for reconstitution (injectable)
  • 30 mg powder for reconstitution (injectable)
  • 90 mg powder for reconstitution (injectable)

人用標示

  • Aredia 15 mg powder for reconstitution
  • Aredia 30 mg powder for reconstitution
  • Aredia 90 mg powder for reconstitution

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA

Human authorized product used off-label under the cascade (POM).

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD

Human authorized product used off-label under the cascade (POM).

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store intact vials at room temperature. Reconstituted solutions should be diluted in 0.9% NaCl and used according to manufacturer guidelines, typically within 24 hours if refrigerated.

飼主須知

帕米膦酸在獸醫院以緩慢靜脈輸注的方式給藥。

  • 它用於治療危險的高血鈣水平，或幫助緩解骨癌引起的疼痛。
  • 因為它可能影響腎臟和血液中的電解質水平，您的獸醫可能會建議在治療前後進行血液檢查，以監測腎功能、鈣和磷的水平。
  • 如果您的寵物在治療後出現嘔吐、腹瀉、肌肉抽搐或極度嗜睡，請立即告知您的獸醫。

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