副痘病毒免疫調節劑
**副痘病毒免疫調節劑**是一種生物免疫刺激劑，主要用於獸醫學中以增強非特異性免疫反應。 主要特點包括： * **副免疫誘導劑**：它利用一種去活化（死）病毒，該病毒原本會引起羊的「傳染性膿疱症」（orf）。 * **馬匹應用**：在美國，它被標示用於4個月及以上的健康馬匹，以幫助減少由**馬皰疹病毒1型和4型（EHV-1和EHV-4）**引起的上呼吸道疾病。 * **繁殖應用**：標示外用法中，它被用於患有延遲性子宮清除（DUC）或子宮過度反應的繁殖母馬的繁殖療程中。 * **小動物應用**：雖然在美國未標示用於小動物，但類似產品（如Baypamun®）在歐洲已被用於犬貓，以在病毒感染或壓力期間刺激非特異性免疫。 > **臨床提示**：由於病毒已被去活化，它不會在接受治療的動物身上引起疾病。它純粹作為一種誘餌，用來喚醒宿主的先天免疫系統。
作用機制: The drug acts as a **paramunity inducer** through a process known as **viral interference**. * **Mechanism**: The inactivated parapoxvirus "infects" host cells with a defective, non-replicating viral particle. * **Immune Activation**: This pseudo-infection $\rightarrow$ triggers the host's innate immune system $\rightarrow$ leading to the induction and release of **interferons**, **cytokines**, and **colony-stimulating factors**. * **Cellular Response**: It also stimulates the activation of **natural killer (NK) cells**, which help clear pathogenic viruses before they can establish a robust infection.
各物種劑量
- Aid in reducing upper airway disease caused by herpesvirus types 1 and 4 · 2 mL IM · IM · Repeat doses on days 2 and 9 following the initial dose · 3 doses total · Retreatment is recommended during subsequent disease episodes or prior to stress inducing situations.
- Hyper-responding or delayed uterine clearance (DUC) broodmares · A single IM dose · IM · Once · The day before breeding · Followed by 12 mg of dexamethasone sodium phosphate IV at the time of breeding and 1 mL (20 Units) oxytocin and 1 mL (250 micrograms) estradiol with or without uterine lavage 6 hours later.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Prior hypersensitivity to the agent
不良反應
- Anaphylaxis (rare but possible)
監測
- Clinical efficacy (improvement in respiratory infection signs or uterine clearance)
- Signs of anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity immediately post-injection
過量
No specific information is available regarding acute toxicity or overdosage. Given its nature as an inactivated biologic, massive toxicity is unlikely, though the risk of immune-mediated or injection-site reactions may increase.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。