吡利黴素
Pirlimycin
Pirlimycin hydrochloride
別名: Pirsue · Pirlimycin HCl · U-57930E
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
牛
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical and subclinical mastitis | Infuse contents of one syringe into each affected quarter | Intramammary | q24h | Repeat after 24 hours. May be repeated daily for up to 8 consecutive days. | 🌎 NA |
- Clinical and subclinical mastitis: Use proper teat end preparation, sanitation, and intramammary infusion technique.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
吡利黴素是一種林可醯胺類抗生素，專為泌乳期乳牛的乳房內灌注而配製。主要用於治療由敏感革蘭氏陽性菌引起的臨床和亞臨床乳腺炎。
- 主要病原體：對葡萄球菌屬（包括金黃色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌等）、鏈球菌屬（無乳鏈球菌、停乳鏈球菌等）及糞腸球菌具有高度活性。
- 臨床要點：與某些舊型乳腺炎配方不同，吡利黴素具有極佳的組織穿透力，能深入乳房實質組織治療深層感染，而不僅僅停留在乳汁中。
注意：MIC ≤ 2 mcg/mL 的細菌被視為具感受性，而 MIC ≥ 4 mcg/mL 則被視為具抗藥性。
作用機制
Pirlimycin shares its mechanism of action with other lincosamide antibiotics (such as clindamycin and lincomycin).
- Mechanism: Binds reversibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacterial RNA.
- Pathway: Inhibits peptidyl transferase → prevents peptide bond formation → interferes with bacterial protein synthesis.
- Activity: Generally considered bacteriostatic, but can be bactericidal at high concentrations against highly susceptible organisms. It is a time-dependent antibiotic.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Known hypersensitivity to lincosamides
不良反應
- No adverse effects or udder irritation have been reported at labeled doses
注意事項
Milk from untreated quarters must be disposed of during the withdrawal time, as the drug is absorbed systemically and residues may be detected in milk from untreated quarters. Strict adherence to milk and meat withdrawal times is legally required.
藥物相互作用
Potential in vitro antagonism; may compete for the same ribosomal binding site
Potential in vitro antagonism; may compete for the same ribosomal binding site
監測
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of mastitis signs, somatic cell counts)
- Strict adherence to withdrawal periods
藥物動力學
吸收
Absorbed systemically from the udder following intramammary infusion.
分佈
Penetrates the udder well and is secreted into the milk of all four quarters. Tissue levels in treated quarters are approximately 2-3 times those found in the extracellular fluid.
排除
Secreted into milk; specific elimination pathways not fully detailed in the monograph.
過量
No specific data is available regarding acute toxicity or overdosage. If an overdose occurs, monitor for signs of local irritation or systemic gastrointestinal upset, and observe extended withdrawal times.
可用產品
劑型
- Intramammary syringe (50 mg/10 mL)
獸醫用
- Pirlimycin HCl Sterile Solution 50 mg (equiv. to free base) in a 10 mL disposable teat syringe (Pirsue Aqueous Gel)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store syringes at or below 25°C (77°F); protect from freezing.
飼主須知
重要提示：必須嚴格遵守停藥期規定，以防止人類食物供應中出現抗生素殘留。
- 乳汁處理：在停藥期間，所有乳區（即使是未治療的乳區）的乳汁都必須丟棄。因為藥物會被吸收到母牛的系統中，並出現在未治療乳區的乳汁裡。
- 衛生：在灌注前，確保使用酒精棉片徹底清潔和消毒乳頭末端，以防止將新的、具潛在危險的細菌（如酵母菌或原藻）引入乳房。
- 給藥：請遵循獸醫關於治療天數的確切指示。不要僅因為乳汁看起來恢復正常就提早停止治療。
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