普羅孕酮
孕激素 / 荷爾蒙避孕藥
**普羅孕酮**是一種合成的孕激素，在獸醫學中主要用於延遲或抑制母狗和母貓的發情期。它也被授權用於治療貓的粟粒性皮膚炎，儘管在這種適應症中通常更傾向於使用特定的糖皮質激素。 > **臨床警告**：普羅孕酮具有長期使用孕激素的典型風險，包括可能引發囊性子宮內膜增生（子宮蓄膿）、糖尿病和乳腺腫瘤。應謹慎使用，且禁忌用於患有糖尿病的動物。
作用機制: Proligestone alters the transcription of DNA → leads to alterations in cellular metabolism → mimics the physiological effects caused by endogenous **progesterone**.
各物種劑量
Dogs
- Suppression of oestrus · 10-33 mg/kg depending on body weight (<5kg: 100-150mg; 5-10kg: 150-250mg; 10-20kg: 250-350mg; 20-30kg: 350-450mg; 30-45kg: 450-550mg; 45-60kg: 550-600mg; >60kg: 10 mg/kg) · SC · Once · Single dose · Given once for suppression. Inject into medial side of flank fold.
- Permanent postponement of oestrus · 10-33 mg/kg depending on body weight (see weight table) · SC · 1st dose before pro-oestrus, 2nd dose 3 months later, 3rd dose 4 months later, then every 5 months · Ongoing · Once dosing ceases, bitches may come into oestrus on average 6-7 months later, but it may take up to 3 years in some cases.
- Acromegaly · 10-33 mg/kg depending on body weight (see weight table) · SC · Monthly · Until signs of hair growth are evident
Cats
- Postponement of oestrus / Miliary dermatitis · Dose not explicitly specified in text; refer to manufacturer guidelines · SC · Not specified · Not specified · Authorized for miliary dermatitis, but specific glucocorticoids are preferred.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
SC
禁忌症
- Diabetic animals (insulin requirements are likely to change unpredictably)
- Bitches before or at their first oestrus
不良反應
- Unpredictable duration of anoestrus (up to 3 years in some bitches)
- Temperament changes (listlessness and depression)
- Polyuria and polydipsia (increased thirst)
- Polyphagia (increased appetite)
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia / Pyometra
- Diabetes mellitus
- Acromegaly
- Adrenocortical suppression
- Mammary enlargement, lactation, or neoplasia
- Injection site irritation
- Coat colour changes at the injection site
- Calcinosis circumscripta at the injection site
監測
- Signs of pyometra (vaginal discharge, lethargy, polyuria/polydipsia)
- Blood glucose and clinical signs of diabetes mellitus (excessive thirst and urination)
- Mammary gland changes (enlargement, masses)
- Injection site reactions
過量
No specific information provided in the monograph. Overdosage may increase the risk and severity of progestational side effects, including cystic endometrial hyperplasia, diabetes mellitus, and adrenocortical suppression. Treatment is supportive.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。