沙羅拉納
沙羅拉納是一種異噁唑啉類抗寄生蟲藥，用於治療和預防犬貓的跳蚤、壁蝨和蟎蟲感染。它有犬用口服錠劑（Simparica）以及與色拉菌素（Selamectin）結合的貓用滴劑（Stronghold Plus）。 > **重要提示：** 寄生蟲必須開始吸血才能接觸到藥物，因此無法完全排除傳染性媒介疾病的傳播。 **臨床提示：** 異噁唑啉類藥物因其高效和易用性，徹底改變了毛囊蟲症和疥癬蟲症的治療。然而，作為該類藥物的共同特性，對於有癲癇或神經系統疾病病史的動物應謹慎使用。
作用機制: Sarolaner acts at **ligand-gated chloride channels**, specifically those gated by the neurotransmitter **gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)** and glutamate. Binding to these receptors → blocks pre- and post-synaptic transfer of chloride ions across cell membranes → causes uncontrolled neuromuscular activity → leads to the death of the parasite. It has highly selective toxicity for arthropods compared to mammals.
各物種劑量
- Treatment of fleas, ticks, ear mites (Otodectes cynotis), demodicosis (Demodex canis), and Sarcoptes scabiei · 2-4 mg/kg · PO · monthly · Monthly (duration depends on parasite targeted) · Administer every month.
- Treatment of fleas, ticks, ear mites, biting lice, adult roundworms, adult hookworms, and prevention of heartworm disease · 1 mg/kg sarolaner (with 6 mg/kg selamectin) · topical · monthly · Monthly · Administer monthly using the combination spot-on product.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Dogs < 8 weeks of age
- Dogs < 1.3 kg body weight
- Cats < 8 weeks of age
- Cats < 1.25 kg body weight
- Known hypersensitivity to the active substance
不良反應
- Mild gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea)
- Mild pruritus or alopecia at the site of application (spot-on product)
- Neurologic signs (tremors, ataxia, seizures) - rare class effect of isoxazolines
藥物相互作用
- NSAIDs · Sarolaner is highly bound to plasma proteins and might compete with other highly bound drugs, potentially increasing free fractions. · moderate
- Warfarin · Potential competition for plasma protein binding sites. · moderate
- Milbemycin oxime · No interactions observed when co-administered. · null
- Moxidectin · No interactions observed when co-administered. · null
- Pyrantel pamoate · No interactions observed when co-administered. · null
監測
- Efficacy of parasite control
- Monitor for gastrointestinal upset after administration
- Monitor for neurological signs in susceptible individuals
過量
Overdose may increase the risk of adverse effects, particularly gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea) and potentially neurological signs (tremors, ataxia, seizures). Treatment is symptomatic and supportive as there is no specific antidote.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。