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檸檬酸鈉

Sodium citrate

Trisodium citrate

瀉藥 - 滲透性Rectal狗貓

別名: Micolette · Micralax · Relaxit · Citric acid trisodium salt

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzleRectal· As needed· Single dose

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzleRectalAs neededSingle dose🌍 EU
  • Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation: Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzleRectalAs neededSingle dose🌍 EU
  • Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation: Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

正在為病患診症？VetSheet 的 AI 會把藥物、劑量與療程直接寫入結構化診症筆記。了解 VetSheet 如何運作

概覽

​檸檬酸鈉​是一種滲透性瀉藥，通常與糞便軟化劑（如烷基硫代乙酸鈉、月桂基硫代乙酸鈉或十二烷基硫酸鈉）配製成微型灌腸劑。主要用作低容量灌腸劑，以治療便秘並為直腸鏡檢查和放射線檢查做下消化道準備。

​臨床警告：​ 不建議用於患有炎症性腸病 (IBD) 的病患。

​臨床提示：​ 專論文本中列出每個微型灌腸劑含有「450 ml 檸檬酸鈉」，這可能是原始資料中的排版錯誤，應為 450 mg，因為這些通常是 5 ml 的低容量微型灌腸劑。

作用機制

Acts as an osmotic laxative → causes water to be retained within the lumen of the GI tract. The addition of a stool softener lowers surface tension → augments the laxative action by allowing water to penetrate and soften the feces.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

不良反應

  • Water and electrolyte disturbances (uncommon)

注意事項

Normal safety and handling precautions should be observed. Use with caution in dehydrated patients or those with severe electrolyte imbalances.

監測

  • Fecal output and consistency
  • Hydration status
  • Electrolyte levels (if used repeatedly)

藥物動力學

吸收

Minimal systemic absorption; acts locally in the lower gastrointestinal tract.

分佈

Confined primarily to the rectal and colonic lumen.

代謝

Not significantly metabolized.

排除

Excreted in feces.

過量

Excessive or repeated use may lead to severe water and electrolyte disturbances, including dehydration and hypernatremia. Treatment is supportive, focusing on rehydration and electrolyte correction.

可用產品

劑型

  • Rectal micro-enema: 450 ml [sic] sodium citrate with 45 mg sodium alkylsulphoacetate (Micralax)
  • Rectal micro-enema: 450 ml [sic] sodium citrate with 45 mg sodium lauryl sulphoacetate (Micolette)
  • Rectal micro-enema: 450 ml [sic] sodium citrate with 75 mg sodium lauryl sulphate (Relaxit)

人用標示

  • Micolette micro-enema
  • Micralax micro-enema
  • Relaxit micro-enema

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准EMA

Typically authorized as human OTC products used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准VMD

Pharmacy (P) medicine for humans, used off-label in animals.

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature in a dry place. Protect from excessive heat.

飼主須知

​給藥方式：​ 本藥物作為灌腸劑經直腸給藥。請按照獸醫的指示將管嘴完全插入。

​水分補充：​ 確保您的寵物有充足的新鮮飲用水，因為灌腸可能會導致水分流失。

​警告：​ 如果您的寵物被診斷出患有炎症性腸病，請勿使用。如果您的寵物在給藥後出現虛弱、嘔吐或未排出糞便的跡象，請聯繫您的獸醫。

VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。