磷酸鈉灌腸液
磷酸鈉灌腸液是一種**滲透性瀉藥**，用於引發犬隻結腸的快速排空。 > **臨床警告：** 嚴禁使用於貓及小型犬（< 5公斤），因為有引發致命性電解質異常（嚴重高血磷和低血鈣）的極高風險。
作用機制: Acts as a hyperosmotic agent in the rectum and colon. - Draws water into the colonic lumen via osmosis → increases intraluminal volume and pressure → stimulates **mechanoreceptors** → induces peristalsis and rapid bowel evacuation.
各物種劑量
- Cathartic / rapid emptying of the colon · 60-128 ml · Rectal · Single dose · As needed · For dogs 5-10 kg. Do not use in dogs < 5 kg.
- Cathartic / rapid emptying of the colon · 128 ml · Rectal · Single dose · As needed · For dogs > 10 kg.
- Contraindicated · DO NOT USE · Rectal · N/A · N/A · Fatal electrolyte abnormalities (hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia) can occur.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Cats (strictly contraindicated)
- Small dogs (< 5 kg)
- Dehydrated patients
- Patients with severe renal impairment
- Patients with compromised colonic mucosal integrity
不良反應
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypernatremia
- Dehydration
- Fatal electrolyte imbalances in sensitive species
監測
- Serum calcium
- Serum phosphorus
- Serum sodium
- Hydration status
- ECG (if hypocalcemia is suspected)
過量
Overdosage or administration to contraindicated species (cats, small dogs) leads to severe **hyperphosphatemia**, **hypocalcemia**, and **hypernatremia**. Clinical signs include weakness, tremors, tetany, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, shock, and death. **Treatment:** Aggressive IV fluid therapy (e.g., 0.9% NaCl) to correct dehydration and hypernatremia, and IV calcium gluconate to treat life-threatening hypocalcemia. Monitor electrolytes closely.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。