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坦索羅辛

Tamsulosin

Tamsulosin hydrochloride

α-1腎上腺素受體拮抗劑PO

別名: Flomax relief · Flomaxtra · Tamsulosinum

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

各物種劑量

此藥的劑量資料尚未收錄於 VetSheet 藥典，以下其他章節資料完整。處方前請參閱最新藥品說明書。

概覽

坦索羅辛是一種​α-1腎上腺素受體拮抗劑​，對泌尿道具有選擇性。它透過放鬆前列腺、尿道和膀胱頸的平滑肌來幫助尿液排出。其作用時間比哌唑嗪 (prazosin) 或酚苄明 (phenoxybenzamine) 更長。

​臨床提示：​ 在獸醫學中常以仿單標示外使用 (off-label) 於治療功能性尿瀦留、未絕育雄犬的良性前列腺增生 (BPH)，或協助排出輸尿管結石/尿石。

作用機制

Tamsulosin selectively binds to and blocks alpha-1A and alpha-1D adrenergic receptors located predominantly in the smooth muscle of the prostate, prostatic capsule, prostatic urethra, and bladder neck.

Blockade of these receptors → relaxation of smooth muscle → decreased urethral resistance → improved urine flow and relief of functional urinary obstruction.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Hypersensitivity to tamsulosin
  • Severe hepatic impairment
  • History of orthostatic hypotension

不良反應

  • Hypotension
  • Lethargy
  • Weakness
  • Gastrointestinal upset (vomiting, diarrhea)
  • Dizziness

注意事項

​Caution:​ May cause hypotension. Monitor blood pressure, especially when initiating therapy or combining with other hypotensive agents. Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment.

藥物相互作用

Other alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin, phenoxybenzamine)Major

Additive hypotensive effects

Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine)Moderate

Increased risk of hypotension

CimetidineMinor

Decreased clearance of tamsulosin, potentially increasing plasma concentrations

監測

  • Urine output and ease of urination
  • Blood pressure
  • Renal function

藥物動力學

吸收

Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; absorption may be affected by food.

分佈

Highly bound to plasma proteins.

代謝

Metabolized in the liver via cytochrome P450 enzymes.

排除

Excreted primarily in the urine as metabolites and some unchanged drug.

過量

Overdosage may lead to severe hypotension. Treatment is primarily supportive, including intravenous fluid therapy and potentially vasopressors if hypotension is refractory. Emesis or gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion is recent.

可用產品

劑型

  • 0.4 mg tablets
  • 0.4 mg capsules

人用標示

  • Flomax relief 0.4 mg capsules
  • Flomaxtra 0.4 mg tablets

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA

Approved for human use; used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD

Available as POM (Prescription Only Medicine) and P (Pharmacy) for human use; used off-label in veterinary medicine.

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.

飼主須知

請嚴格按照獸醫的指示給藥。

  • 除非有指示，否則​請勿壓碎或咀嚼​膠囊/錠劑，因為它們通常是緩釋劑型。
  • 觀察寵物的排尿情況，確保牠們能順暢排尿。
  • 注意是否有虛弱、嗜睡或昏厥的跡象，這可能表示血壓過低。
  • 隨時提供充足的飲水。

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