替莫唑胺
替莫唑胺（Temozolomide）是一種口服烷化抗腫瘤藥物，應用於獸醫腫瘤學。初步研究主要評估其在犬淋巴瘤、黑色素瘤和神經膠質瘤中的應用。 > **警告**：替莫唑胺是一種強效的**細胞毒性藥物**。必須由受過訓練的專業人員遵循嚴格的化療安全和操作指南進行配製與給藥。
作用機制: Temozolomide acts as an **oral alkylating agent**. It undergoes rapid chemical conversion at physiologic pH to the active compound, MTIC. **Mechanism of Action**: Alkylates/methylates DNA (most often at the **N-7 or O-6 positions of guanine residues**) → DNA methylation → DNA damage → **Cell death** (apoptosis).
各物種劑量
- Lymphoma, melanoma, and gliomas · 60-65 mg/m2 · PO · q24h · for 5 consecutive days on a monthly basis (28 days) for 4 to 6 cycles
- Relapsed lymphoma · 100 mg/m2 · PO · q24h · for 5 consecutive days every 2 weeks
- Not advised · Not advised · PO · Not advised based on early toxicity studies.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Known hypersensitivity to temozolomide
- Pre-existing bone marrow suppression
不良反應
- Myelosuppression (bone marrow suppression)
- Gastrointestinal toxicity (vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia)
- Lethargy
- Polydipsia
- Altered renal parameters
- Altered hepatic parameters
監測
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) prior to each cycle and at nadir
- Renal function panel
- Hepatic function panel
- Clinical signs of GI toxicity or lethargy
過量
**Overdose** may lead to severe and potentially fatal **myelosuppression** (pancytopenia) and severe **gastrointestinal toxicity**. * **Treatment**: There is no specific antidote. Treatment is strictly supportive, including broad-spectrum antibiotics for neutropenia, blood transfusions if necessary, and aggressive antiemetic/fluid therapy.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。