促甲狀腺素 (甲狀腺刺激素)
Thyrotropin (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Thyrotropin alfa (recombinant human TSH)
別名: Thyrogen · Ambinon · Thyreostimulin · Thytropar · Thyroid-stimulating hormone · Thyrotrophic hormone · rhTSH · Recombinant human thyrotropin
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
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各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSH stimulation test | 75 micrograms (total dose) | IV | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
| TSH stimulation test | 50-100 micrograms (0.05-0.1 mg) | IV | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
| TSH stimulation test | 50-150 μg/dog | IV | single dose | 1 day | 🌍 EU |
- TSH stimulation test: Blood samples taken before and 6 hours after rhTSH administration for determination of total serum thyroxine (T4) concentration.
- TSH stimulation test: Measure serum T4 at 0 hours (pre-sample) and 4 hours post. Product may be frozen for at least 8 weeks with no loss of potency.
- TSH stimulation test: Higher doses offer increased discriminatory power in dogs with comorbidities or those receiving thyroid-suppressing drugs.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSH stimulation test | 25 μg/cat | IV | single dose | 1 day | 🌍 EU |
- TSH stimulation test: The diagnostic value in cats has not been fully assessed.
鳥
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSH stimulation test | 1 Unit/kg | IM | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
- TSH stimulation test: Draw pre-dose baseline sample. Collect sample for T4 6 hours after dose.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
促甲狀腺素 (TSH) 是一種醣蛋白荷爾蒙，在獸醫學中主要作為診斷試劑，用於進行 TSH 刺激試驗以診斷原發性甲狀腺機能低下症。目前市售產品多為透過 DNA 重組技術製成的人類來源產品 (rhTSH)。
作用機制
Thyrotropin binds to TSH receptors on the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular cells. This binding activates the adenylate cyclase/cAMP pathway, which stimulates multiple steps in thyroid hormone synthesis:
- Increases iodine uptake (trapping) by the thyroid gland.
- Stimulates the iodination of tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin.
- Increases the production and secretion of active thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) into the systemic circulation.
With prolonged use, hyperplasia of thyroid cells may occur, though this is not a concern with single-dose diagnostic use.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Adrenocortical insufficiency (untreated Addison's disease)
- Hyperthyroidism
- Coronary thrombosis
- Hypersensitivity to bovine thyrotropin or human proteins
- Repeated administration is not advisable
- Patients currently receiving levothyroxine therapy
- Use of chemical grade TSH (due to anaphylaxis risk)
不良反應
- Hypersensitivity reactions (especially with repeated injections of human-derived proteins in animals)
- Clinical signs of hyperthyroidism (with chronic administration or high doses)
- Anaphylactic responses (specifically associated with chemical grade/bovine TSH; recombinant forms are generally well tolerated)
注意事項
Hypersensitivity Warning: Because the commercially available product is derived from human sources, hypersensitivity reactions may occur in patients sensitive to human proteins, particularly with repeated use.
- Pregnancy: FDA Category C. Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in humans.
- Nursing: Unknown if excreted in milk, but unlikely to be clinically significant when used for a one-time diagnostic test.
藥物相互作用
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May decrease serum T4 levels, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May cause T4 levels to be increased, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May cause T4 levels to be increased, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May cause T4 levels to be increased, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May cause T4 levels to be increased, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
May cause T4 levels to be increased, making the TSH stimulation test hard to interpret
監測
- Serum total T4 concentrations (baseline and 4-6 hours post-administration)
- Clinical signs of hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis during and immediately after administration
- Serum total T4 levels (baseline and post-stimulation, typically 4-6 hours post-injection)
藥物動力學
吸收
Exogenously administered TSH apparently exerts maximal increases in circulating T4 approximately 4-8 hours after IM or IV administration.
代謝
Degraded primarily in the kidneys and liver.
排除
Cleared via renal and hepatic pathways.
過量
Chronic administration at high dosages can produce clinical signs of hyperthyroidism (e.g., weight loss, polyphagia, tachycardia, hyperactivity).
Massive overdoses can cause clinical signs resembling thyroid storm (a life-threatening hypermetabolic state). Treatment is generally supportive and symptomatic; refer to levothyroxine overdose protocols for specific management strategies.
可用產品
劑型
- Lyophilized powder for injection
- Injectable: 1.1 mg vial (yields 0.9 mg/ml after reconstitution with 1.2 ml sterile water)
人用標示
- Recombinant (human) Thyrotropin (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Powder for Injection, Lyophilized: 1.1 mg per vial; Thyrogen® (Genzyme); (Rx)
- Thyrogen 1.1 mg powder for injection
各地核准狀態
Human approved drug (Thyrogen) used off-label under the cascade.
Human approved drug (Thyrogen) used off-label under the cascade.
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Unreconstituted thyrotropin alfa should be stored between 2-8°C (36-46°F). Reconstituted solution can be stored up to 24 hours between 2-8°C (36-46°F), avoiding microbial contamination. It is reportedly stable if kept refrigerated (2-8°C) up to 4 weeks and up to 8 weeks if frozen (-20°C). Protect from light. Visually inspect each vial for particulate matter or discoloration before use; do not use if present.
飼主須知
此藥物主要用於單次診斷測試，以評估您寵物的甲狀腺功能。您的寵物需要先抽一次血，注射荷爾蒙後，在 4 到 6 小時後進行第二次抽血。過敏反應非常罕見，但如果發現臉部腫脹、蕁麻疹或呼吸困難，請立即通知獸醫。
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