氨基酸輸液
氨基酸輸液用於需要營養支持但無法接受腸道營養的患者，提供蛋白質合成所需的必需和非必需氨基酸。也曾用於治療犬的表淺性壞死性皮膚炎。 > **臨床警告**：獸醫核准製劑（Duphalyte）的氨基酸含量不足以滿足蛋白質生成的基礎需求，僅作為靜脈輸液支持的輔助。 > **物種特定警告**：人類製劑不含**牛磺酸**，而牛磺酸對貓及特定情況下的狗是必需的。所有產品均為高滲透壓溶液。
作用機制: Provides synthetic crystalline **L-amino acids** which act as building blocks for protein synthesis. → Supports protein anabolism → Arrests protein and muscle wasting → Maintains intermediary metabolism.
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Dehydration
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Severe azotaemia
- Shock
- Congestive heart failure
- Electrolyte imbalances
不良反應
- Hyperglycaemia
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Hypercapnia
- Acid-base disturbances
- Electrolyte disturbances (e.g., hypophosphataemia / refeeding syndrome)
- Catheter-associated thrombophlebitis
- Bacterial colonization of the catheter
- Bacteraemia and septicaemia
- Severe tissue damage (if extravasated)
監測
- Blood glucose
- Serum electrolytes (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium)
- Acid-base status
- Serum triglycerides/lipids
- Renal and hepatic parameters
- Catheter site for signs of thrombophlebitis or infection
- Body weight and hydration status
過量
Excessive administration rates can lead to severe metabolic complications, including hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hypercapnia, and life-threatening electrolyte imbalances (such as hypophosphataemia associated with refeeding syndrome). Overdose of potassium-containing solutions may cause fatal hyperkalaemia.
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