氨基酸輸液
Amino acid solutions
Synthetic crystalline L-amino acid solutions
別名: Duphalyte · Aminoplasmal · Aminoven · Clinimix · Glamin · Hyperamine · Intrafusin · Kabiven · Nutriflex · Parenteral nutrition solutions · TPN solutions · L-amino acid solutions
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
各物種劑量
此藥的劑量資料尚未收錄於 VetSheet 藥典，以下其他章節資料完整。開立處方前請參閱最新仿單。
概覽
氨基酸輸液用於需要營養支持但無法接受腸道營養的患者，提供蛋白質合成所需的必需和非必需氨基酸。也曾用於治療犬的表淺性壞死性皮膚炎。
臨床警告：獸醫核准製劑（Duphalyte）的氨基酸含量不足以滿足蛋白質生成的基礎需求，僅作為靜脈輸液支持的輔助。
物種特定警告：人類製劑不含牛磺酸，而牛磺酸對貓及特定情況下的狗是必需的。所有產品均為高滲透壓溶液。
作用機轉
Provides synthetic crystalline L-amino acids which act as building blocks for protein synthesis. → Supports protein anabolism → Arrests protein and muscle wasting → Maintains intermediary metabolism.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Dehydration
- Hepatic encephalopathy
- Severe azotaemia
- Shock
- Congestive heart failure
- Electrolyte imbalances
不良反應
- Hyperglycaemia
- Hyperlipidaemia
- Hypercapnia
- Acid-base disturbances
- Electrolyte disturbances (e.g., hypophosphataemia / refeeding syndrome)
- Catheter-associated thrombophlebitis
- Bacterial colonization of the catheter
- Bacteraemia and septicaemia
- Severe tissue damage (if extravasated)
注意事項
Administration Requirements: The use of concentrated amino acid solutions for parenteral nutrition support should not be undertaken without specific training. It requires central venous access and intensive care monitoring due to hyperosmolarity.
Dedicated Lines: Intravenous lines for parenteral nutrition should be dedicated for that use alone and not used for other medications.
Infusion Rates: As many available amino acid solutions contain potassium, the maximal acceptable rates of infusion will depend heavily on the potassium content of the preparation.
Nutritional Completeness: Prolonged treatment may require the addition of vitamins, trace elements, and essential electrolytes (sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphate).
監測
- Blood glucose
- Serum electrolytes (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium)
- Acid-base status
- Serum triglycerides/lipids
- Renal and hepatic parameters
- Catheter site for signs of thrombophlebitis or infection
- Body weight and hydration status
藥物動力學
吸收
Administered intravenously; 100% bioavailable.
分佈
Distributed systemically to intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments for immediate use in protein synthesis.
代謝
Incorporated into structural and functional proteins. Excess amino acids undergo hepatic deamination.
排除
Nitrogenous waste from metabolized amino acids is converted to urea in the liver and excreted by the kidneys.
過量
Excessive administration rates can lead to severe metabolic complications, including hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hypercapnia, and life-threatening electrolyte imbalances (such as hypophosphataemia associated with refeeding syndrome). Overdose of potassium-containing solutions may cause fatal hyperkalaemia.
可用產品
劑型
- Injectable solution
獸醫用
- Duphalyte (Note: insufficient for total basal protein requirements)
人用標示
- Aminoplasmal
- Aminoven
- Clinimix
- Glamin
- Hyperamine
- Intrafusin
- Kabiven Peripheral
- Nutriflex
各地核准狀態
Duphalyte is authorized for veterinary use (POM-V).
Available as POM and POM-V.
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store according to specific manufacturer guidelines. Generally kept at room temperature or refrigerated depending on the formulation. Protect from light and do not use if the solution is cloudy or contains precipitates.
飼主須知
您的寵物正在接受靜脈營養（IV），因為牠們目前無法透過消化道進食或吸收食物。這種特殊的輸液提供了身體癒合和維持肌肉所需的必需基本成分（氨基酸）。獸醫團隊將密切監測您寵物的血液數值和靜脈導管部位，以確保牠們能良好適應這種營養支持並預防代謝併發症。
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