阿托品
Atropine
Atropine sulfate
別名: Atrocare · Minims Atropine · Atropinum · Atropine sulphate · Atropine sulfate · Atropina
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
經審核的 v13 劑量證據
經審核的非計算證據經審核的非計算證據 (1)
僅供證據參考，不會自動計算
Premedication and treatment of vagally-mediated bradycardia
Premedication and treatment of vagally-mediated bradycardia: 0.04 – 0.05 mg/kg IV, SC, or IM 29 or intratracheally for CPR
必須一併考量的臨床脈絡 (2)
- NOTE: FDA approval has not been required for atropine products in animals. All dosages should be considered extra-label.
- Atropine sulfate for injection should be stored at room temperature between 15°C and 30°C (59°F-86°F).
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
阿托品 (Atropine) 是一種經典的抗膽鹼藥物，在獸醫學中主要用於治療心搏過緩、散瞳以進行眼科檢查，以及處理特定中毒（如有機磷和氨基甲酸酯中毒）。它也與抗膽鹼酯酶藥物結合使用，以拮抗神經肌肉阻斷。
臨床警告： 不再建議將其作為麻醉前用藥常規給藥；應監測心率並在必要時專門用於處理心率過低。
作用機轉
Atropine competitively blocks the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors located at the terminal ends of the parasympathetic nervous system.
This blockade → reverses parasympathetic effects → produces mydriasis (pupil dilation), tachycardia, bronchodilation, and general inhibition of gastrointestinal function.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Glaucoma
- Lens luxation
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS / dry eye)
不良反應
- Sinus tachycardia
- Blurred vision (due to mydriasis)
- Drying of bronchial secretions
- Increased intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Reduced tear production
- Ventricular arrhythmias
- Hypersalivation (especially in cats, due to bitter taste of ophthalmic drops)
- Ileus (rare in small animals)
- Vomiting (rare in small animals)
注意事項
Atropine has a slow onset of action (10 min IM, 2-3 min IV); therefore, it is important to wait for an adequate period of time for the desired effect before redosing.
Clinical Pearl: The ophthalmic solution tastes very bitter. If it drains through the nasolacrimal duct into the mouth, it can cause profound hypersalivation, particularly in cats and some dogs.
Blurred vision from mydriasis may worsen recovery from anaesthesia.
藥物交互作用
Incompatible when mixed together
May enhance the activity of atropine
May enhance the activity of atropine
May enhance the activity of atropine
May enhance the activity of atropine
May enhance the activity of atropine
May enhance the activity of atropine
Combining is not recommended
May aggravate toxicity signs, leading to hypertension and gut stasis
Additive anticholinergic effects
May cause paradoxical hypertension and significantly increased myocardial workload; concurrent use is generally discouraged
Atropine antagonizes the prokinetic effects of metoclopramide on the GI tract
監測
- Heart rate and rhythm (ECG)
- Pupillary light reflex and pupil size
- Intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Tear production (Schirmer Tear Test)
藥物動力學
吸收
Slow onset of action: 10 minutes via IM route, 2-3 minutes via IV route.
過量
Overdose may lead to severe sinus tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias (which may be treated with lidocaine if severe), extreme mydriasis, severe drying of secretions, and gastrointestinal stasis.
可用產品
劑型
- Injectable: 0.6 mg/ml
- Ophthalmic: 1% solution in single-use vials, 10 ml bottle
獸醫用
- Atrocare Injectable 0.6 mg/ml
- Atropine Ophthalmic 1% solution
各地核准狀態
停藥期: cattle meat 14 days · cattle milk 3 days
Withdrawal times may vary by specific member state and product formulation.
POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine - Veterinarian).
暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
The solution should be protected from light. Ophthalmic single-use vials do not contain any antimicrobial preservative; therefore, any remaining solution in the vial should be discarded immediately after use.
飼主須知
阿托品通常用於緊急情況下穩定寵物的心率，或作為眼藥水來放大瞳孔以進行檢查。
眼藥水注意事項： 眼藥水味道非常苦。如果藥水流到喉嚨後部，您的貓或狗可能會大量流口水。這是對味道的正常反應，而不是中毒的跡象。在寵物瞳孔放大的期間，請保護牠們的眼睛免受強光照射。
VetSheet 藥物參考供合格獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠商最新仿單。