倍他洛爾
Betaxolol
Betaxolol hydrochloride
別名: Betoptic · Betaxololum · Betaxolol hydrochloride
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management of glaucoma (including prophylactic management in unilateral primary closed-angle glaucoma) | 1 drop per eye | topical | q12h | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
- Management of glaucoma (including prophylactic management in unilateral primary closed-angle glaucoma): Can be used alone or in combination with other topical glaucoma drugs (e.g., topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors).
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
倍他洛爾 (Betaxolol) 是一種局部眼用藥物，主要用於控制犬的青光眼。它是一種心臟選擇性（β-1）β受體阻斷劑，透過減少房水產生來降低眼內壓。它可以單獨使用，也可以與其他局部抗青光眼藥物（如碳酸酐酶抑制劑）合併使用。它也可用於患有單側原發性閉角型青光眼犬隻的另一隻眼睛的預防性治療。
臨床警告： 儘管是局部給藥，仍可能發生全身性吸收。對患有未受控制的心力衰竭或氣喘的病患應極度謹慎使用或避免使用。
作用機轉
Betaxolol acts as a beta-1 selective beta-blocker. It works by blocking beta-adrenoreceptors in the ciliary body → decreasing the production of aqueous humour → lowering intraocular pressure (IOP).
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Uncontrolled heart failure
- Asthma
不良反應
- Miosis
- Conjunctival hyperaemia
- Local ocular irritation
注意事項
Normal ophthalmic handling precautions should be observed.
Important: Avoid use in patients with uncontrolled heart failure and asthma due to the risk of systemic beta-blockade following topical absorption.
藥物交互作用
Additive adverse effects (systemic beta-blockade)
Prolonged atrioventricular (AV) conduction times
Prolonged atrioventricular (AV) conduction times
監測
- Intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Heart rate and rhythm (due to potential systemic absorption)
- Signs of local ocular irritation
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Absorbed locally into the eye to exert its effect. Systemic absorption can occur via the nasolacrimal duct and conjunctival vessels.
分佈
Distributes locally to the ciliary body.
代謝
Systemically absorbed drug is metabolized in the liver.
排除
Systemically absorbed drug is excreted primarily via the kidneys.
過量
Clinical Pearl: Overdosage via the ophthalmic route is rare but excessive application may lead to systemic absorption. Signs of systemic beta-blocker overdose include bradycardia, hypotension, and bronchospasm. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic.
可用產品
劑型
- 0.25% ophthalmic suspension (5ml bottle or single-use vials)
- 0.5% ophthalmic solution
人用標示
- Betoptic 0.25% ophthalmic suspension
- Betoptic 0.5% ophthalmic solution
各地核准狀態
Human authorized product (POM) used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.
Human authorized product (POM) used off-label in veterinary medicine under the cascade.
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store at room temperature. Keep bottles tightly closed. Protect from light and freezing.
飼主須知
倍他洛爾是一種用於治療眼內壓過高（青光眼）的眼藥水。
- 點藥前後請洗手。
- 請勿讓滴管尖端接觸眼睛、眼瞼或任何其他表面，以防污染。
- 若需使用超過一種眼藥水，請在兩次給藥之間至少等待 5 分鐘。
- 注意事項： 觀察眼睛是否發紅、瞇眼或受到刺激。如果發現這些跡象，或者您的寵物顯得異常疲倦、虛弱或呼吸困難（這可能表示藥物正在影響身體其他部位），請聯繫您的獸醫。
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