醋酸鈣
Calcium Acetate
Calcium acetate
別名: PhosLo · Calphron · Eliphos · Phosex · calcii acetas · acetato de calcio · kalcio acetates · kalciumacetat · kalciumasetaatti · Calcium diacetate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure | 60-90 mg/kg/day | PO | divided with meals | — | 🌎 NA |
| Hyperphosphatemia in CKD | 60-90 mg/kg/day divided | PO | divided with meals | Long-term | 🌍 EU |
- Hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure: In conjunction with a low-phosphorus diet. Give with food or mixed with food, or just prior to each meal. Individualize dose to achieve desired serum phosphorus concentrations. Decrease dose if serum calcium exceeds normal limits.
- Hyperphosphatemia in CKD: Dose must be titrated based on serum phosphorus levels. Must be given with food.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure | 60-90 mg/kg/day | PO | divided with meals | — | 🌎 NA |
| Hyperphosphatemia in CKD | 60-90 mg/kg/day divided | PO | divided with meals | Long-term | 🌍 EU |
- Hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure: In conjunction with a low-phosphorus diet. Give with food or mixed with food, or just prior to each meal. Individualize dose to achieve desired serum phosphorus concentrations. Decrease dose if serum calcium exceeds normal limits.
- Hyperphosphatemia in CKD: Dose must be titrated based on serum phosphorus levels. Must be given with food.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
醋酸鈣是一種口服磷結合劑，主要用於治療與慢性腎病（CKD）相關的高血磷症。與碳酸鈣相比，它結合磷的效率更高（每克元素鈣可結合約兩倍的磷），且引發醫源性高血鈣的風險較低。與檸檬酸鈣不同，它不會促進腸道對鋁的吸收。
作用機轉
When administered with meals, calcium acetate dissociates in the gastrointestinal tract. The calcium ions then bind to dietary phosphorus in the stomach and proximal small intestine to form calcium phosphate, an insoluble complex.
Dietary Phosphorus + Calcium Acetate → Insoluble Calcium Phosphate → Excreted in feces.
This mechanism effectively reduces the gastrointestinal absorption of phosphorus, thereby lowering serum phosphorus levels. It is soluble over a wide range of pH, making it highly available for binding.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Pre-existing hypercalcemia
不良反應
- Hypercalcemia
- Gastrointestinal intolerance (nausea)
注意事項
Warning: Do not use in patients with pre-existing hypercalcemia.
- Ca × P Product: Use with extreme caution if the serum calcium and phosphorus product exceeds 60 due to the risk of metastatic soft tissue mineralization.
- Concurrent Calcitriol: The concurrent use of calcium-based binders and calcitriol is controversial; some consider it contraindicated, while others require intensified monitoring for hypercalcemia.
- Monitoring: Adequate monitoring of serum ionized calcium and phosphorus is strictly required.
藥物交互作用
May lead to hypercalcemia; if used concomitantly, intensified monitoring for hypercalcemia is mandatory.
Not recommended; hypercalcemia induced by calcium acetate may cause serious arrhythmias in patients on digoxin.
Oral calcium can reduce the absorption of fluoroquinolones. Separate dosages by at least two hours.
Oral calcium can reduce the absorption of tetracyclines. Separate dosages by at least two hours.
Decreased absorption of levothyroxine
監測
- Serum phosphorus (after a 12-hour fast)
- Serum ionized calcium
- Monitor initially at 10-14 day intervals; once 'stable', at 4-6 week intervals
藥物動力學
吸收
In humans, approximately 30% is absorbed when given with food. No specific pharmacokinetic information is available for dogs and cats.
排除
Unabsorbed calcium and bound calcium phosphate are eliminated in the feces.
過量
Acute overdoses could potentially cause hypercalcemia.
- Management: Patients should be monitored and treated symptomatically.
- If the dosage was massive and recent, consider using standard protocols to empty the gut (e.g., emesis induction or gastric lavage, followed by activated charcoal, though charcoal does not bind minerals well).
可用產品
劑型
- Tablets
- Capsules
- Gelcaps
人用標示
- Calcium Acetate Oral Tablets: 667 mg (169 mg elemental calcium); Calphron® (Nephro-Tech); Eliphos® (Hawthorn)
- Calcium Acetate Oral Capsules & Gelcaps: 667 mg (169 mg elemental calcium); PhosLo® (Fresenius)
各地核准狀態
Human approved products used off-label
POM (Prescription Only Medicine)
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store commercially available tablets, capsules, and gelcaps at room temperature (25°C); excursions are permitted to 15-30°C.
飼主須知
請務必隨餐給予（餐前直接餵食或混入食物中），以有效結合飲食中的磷。除非獸醫特別指示，否則請勿在餐與餐之間給藥。使用此藥物期間，您的寵物需要持續進行血液檢查，以確保體內的鈣和磷濃度維持在安全範圍內。
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