吡啶甲酸鉻
吡啶甲酸鉻是一種微量金屬營養補充劑，可作為貓糖尿病和肥胖症的輔助治療。其臨床療效尚有爭議，且對患有糖尿病的狗似乎無效。補充劑中使用的是具有生物活性的三價鉻（Cr III）。
作用機制: Chromium is an active component of the **glucose tolerance factor (GTF)**, a complex of molecules including glycine, glutamic acid, cysteine, and nicotinic acid. While its exact role in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism is not fully elucidated, it is thought to enhance **insulin receptor** sensitivity and facilitate glucose transport into cells. * **GTF → Insulin Receptor Binding → Enhanced Intracellular Glucose Uptake** * It does *not* lower blood glucose levels in normal, healthy patients.
各物種劑量
- For use as an oral hypoglycemic agent · Chromium picolinate 200 micrograms (per cat) PO once a day. · PO · q24h
- For adjunctive treatment of feline obesity · Chromium picolinate 20 micrograms/kg PO every other a day · PO · q48h
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Renal insufficiency (use with caution)
不良反應
- Cognitive, perceptual, and motor dysfunction (reported in humans receiving the picolinate salt)
藥物相互作用
- Corticosteroids · May increase the urinary excretion of chromium
- H2 Blockers (cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine) or Proton Pump Inhibitors (omeprazole) · May decrease chromium levels by inhibiting their absorption; clinical significance is unclear
- NSAIDs · May increase the absorption and retention of chromium; clinical significance is unlikely
- Zinc · Theoretically, co-administration of zinc with chromium could decrease the oral absorption of both
監測
- Fasting blood glucose
- Appetite and attitude
- Body condition and weight
- PU/PD resolution
- Serum fructosamine levels
- Glycosylated hemoglobin levels
過量
Little information on acute overdoses is available. In humans, there are case reports of women developing renal failure after taking excessive doses of chromium picolinate.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。