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德拉昔布

Deracoxib

4-[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(3-fluoro-4methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-yl] benzenesulfonamide

非類固醇消炎止痛藥 (NSAID) - 昔布類PO狗

別名: Deramaxx

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

1-2 mg/kg PO once a day as neededPO· q24h· Ongoing
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劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis1-2 mg/kg PO once a day as neededPOq24hOngoing🌎 NA
Treatment of post-operative pain3-4 mg/kg PO once a day as neededPOq24hNot to exceed 7 days of therapy at this dosage🌎 NA

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

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概覽

德拉昔布 (Deracoxib) 是一種專為獸醫設計的​昔布類非類固醇消炎止痛藥 (NSAID)​。FDA 批准用於犬隻，以控制與​骨關節炎​相關的疼痛和發炎，以及​術後疼痛​管理。

  • ​臨床要點​：與吡羅昔康 (Piroxicam) 類似，由於膀胱移行細胞癌 (TCC) 會過度表現 COX-2，德拉昔布在輔助治療上具有潛力。
  • 本藥具備高適口性（咀嚼錠），雖能提高服藥順從性，但也增加了意外過量攝入的風險，請務必妥善收納。

作用機轉

Deracoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor (coxib).

  • Arachidonic Acid Cascade: It inhibits the ​cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)​ enzyme → decreases the synthesis of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (e.g., PGE2) responsible for pain, inflammation, and fever.
  • At therapeutic doses, it largely spares COX-1, the constitutive enzyme responsible for maintaining normal gastrointestinal mucosal integrity, renal blood flow, and platelet function.
  • Note: COX-2 selectivity is dose-dependent. At higher doses, COX-1 inhibition occurs, increasing the risk of gastrointestinal and renal toxicity.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Known hypersensitivity to deracoxib

不良反應

  • Vomiting
  • Anorexia/weight loss
  • Diarrhea
  • Melena
  • Hematemesis
  • Hematochezia
  • GI ulceration/perforation
  • Azotemia
  • Polydipsia/polyuria
  • Urinary tract infection (UTI)
  • Hematuria
  • Urinary incontinence
  • Renal failure
  • Anemia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Elevated hepatic enzymes
  • Changes in total protein
  • Lethargy/weakness
  • Seizures
  • Tachypnea
  • Bradycardia
  • Cough
  • Fever
  • Facial/muzzle edema
  • Urticaria
  • Dermatitis

注意事項

Use with caution in patients with concurrent GI ulcerative diseases, renal or hepatic dysfunction, those in hypoproteinemic states, or with conditions that may predispose them to hypercoagulability. Safety in pregnant or nursing animals has not been established. Avoid concurrent use with other NSAIDs or corticosteroids.

藥物交互作用

ACE Inhibitors (e.g., enalapril, benazepril)

NSAIDs can reduce effects on blood pressure. Concurrent use may increase the risk for renal injury due to reduced renal blood flow.

Aspirin

May increase the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (ulceration, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea). A multi-day washout period is warranted when switching.

Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone)

May significantly increase the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (ulceration, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea).

Digoxin

NSAIDs may increase serum levels of digoxin.

Fluconazole

May increase plasma levels of deracoxib (extrapolated from human celecoxib data).

Furosemide

NSAIDs may reduce saluretic and diuretic effects.

Methotrexate

Serious toxicity has occurred when NSAIDs are used concomitantly; use with extreme caution.

Nephrotoxic Drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, amphotericin B)

May enhance the risk of developing nephrotoxicity.

Other NSAIDs

May increase the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (ulceration, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea).

監測

  • Baseline and periodic CBC and serum chemistry (including BUN/serum creatinine, and liver function assessment)
  • Baseline history and physical
  • Efficacy of therapy
  • Adverse effect monitoring via client

藥物動力學

半衰期

貓~8 hours狗~3 hours at doses up to 8 mg/kg; ~19 hours at 20 mg/kg

吸收

Bioavailability is >90% in dogs; Tmax occurs at approximately 2 hours. The presence of food in the gut can enhance bioavailability.

分佈

Apparent volume of distribution is 1.5 L/kg in dogs. It is at least 90% bound to canine plasma proteins.

代謝

Hepatically metabolized to four primary metabolites.

排除

Metabolites and unchanged drug are principally eliminated in the feces. Some excretion occurs via renal mechanisms. Non-linear elimination occurs at higher dosages.

過量

Acute toxicity data indicates non-linear elimination occurs in dogs at dosages of 10 mg/kg and above.

  • 10 mg/kg/day: No clinically observable adverse effects in a 14-day study, though focal tubular necrosis was seen in 3 of 10 dogs in a 6-month safety study.
  • 25-100 mg/kg/day: Dogs survived 10-11 days but showed vomiting and melena.
  • Clinical Signs of Overdose: Vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and elevated creatinine.

Treatment: Decontamination with emetics and/or activated charcoal is appropriate for acute ingestions. The ASPCA APCC recommends GI protectants at acute dosages of 15 mg/kg and above, and IV fluid diuresis at dosages of 30 mg/kg and above in healthy dogs. Monitor for GI erosion/ulceration and treat symptomatically.

可用產品

劑型

  • Chewable tablets

獸醫用

  • Deracoxib Chewable (scored) Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, & 100 mg (Deramaxx)

各地核准狀態

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature between 15-30°C (59-86°F).

飼主須知

​存放警告​：本藥為嗜口性佳的咀嚼錠，犬隻若發現可能會將整瓶吃掉。​請務必存放在寵物和兒童無法觸及的地方。​

  • ​給藥方式​：雖然可以空腹服用，但最好與食物一起餵食，以促進吸收並保護胃部。請確保隨時提供乾淨的飲水以避免脫水。
  • ​注意事項​：若發現以下情況，請立即停藥並聯絡獸醫師：
    • 嘔吐或食慾不振
    • 黑色柏油狀糞便或血便
    • 飲水或排尿習慣改變
    • 嗜睡或行為改變
    • 過敏反應跡象（臉部腫脹、蕁麻疹、皮膚發紅發癢）
  • ​切勿混用​：未經獸醫師明確許可，切勿將本藥與其他止痛藥、NSAID（如人類的阿斯匹靈/布洛芬）或類固醇一起使用。
  • ​劑量調整​：未經獸醫師許可，請勿自行增加或更改劑量。

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