雙氯酚
雙氯酚是一種主要用於犬貓的抗絛蟲藥物。它對**絛蟲屬 (Taenia)** 和 **犬複孔絛蟲 (Dipylidium)** 有效，但對**包生絛蟲 (Echinococcus)** 無效。受藥物影響的絛蟲會在消化道內分解，因此在給藥後排出的糞便中通常無法辨認出完整的蟲體。 **臨床提示：** 雙氯酚目前被視為較老舊的驅蟲藥。在現代獸醫學中，它已廣泛被吡喹酮 (Praziquantel) 所取代，因為後者具有更廣泛的抗菌譜（包括包生絛蟲）和更高的安全性。
作用機制: Dichlorophen acts by interfering with **oxidative phosphorylation** in the parasite → uncoupling of the electron transport chain → depletion of ATP (energy) reserves → paralysis, death, and subsequent disintegration of the tapeworm within the host's gastrointestinal tract.
各物種劑量
- Control of tapeworm infections (Taenia, Dipylidium) · 250 mg total dose (for cats <2.5 kg); 500 mg per 2.5 kg (for cats >2.5 kg) · PO · Single dose, repeat every 4-6 months · 1 day · Give maximum 6 tablets at one time; give the rest 3 hours later if no vomiting. Best administered immediately before the main feed. May be given whole or crushed in food.
- Control of tapeworm infections (Taenia, Dipylidium) · 250 mg total dose (for dogs <2.5 kg); 500 mg per 2.5 kg (for dogs >2.5 kg) · PO · Single dose, repeat every 4-6 months · 1 day · Give maximum 6 tablets at one time; give the rest 3 hours later if no vomiting. Best administered immediately before the main feed. May be given whole or crushed in food.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Animals weighing < 1.25 kg
- Animals < 6 months of age
- Repeating treatment within 10 days
- Repeating treatment immediately if vomiting occurs shortly after dosing
不良反應
- Vomiting
- Salivation (rare)
- Hyperaesthesia (rare)
- Loss of coordination/ataxia (rare)
監測
- Resolution of tapeworm segments (proglottids) in feces or around the perineum
- Vomiting post-administration
- Neurological signs (ataxia, hyperaesthesia) in sensitive individuals
過量
Overdosage may lead to gastrointestinal distress (severe vomiting) and neurological signs including hypersalivation, hyperaesthesia, and loss of coordination (ataxia). Treatment is supportive and symptomatic.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。