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雙氯芬酸鈉

Diclofenac Sodium

Phenyl-acetic acid derivative

非類固醇消炎止痛藥 (NSAID)topicalPOophthalmic狗貓馬

別名: Surpass · Cataflam · Voltaren-XR · Solaraze · Arthrotec · Voltarol Ophtha Multidose · GP-45840 · diclofenacum · diclophenac · Diclofenac sodium

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

1 drop per affected eyetopical· bid to qid· As directed by veterinarian

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Ocular inflammation / Uveitis1 drop per affected eyetopicalbid to qidAs directed by veterinarian🌍 EU
  • Ocular inflammation / Uveitis: Standard veterinary ophthalmic dosing; not explicitly stated in the provided monograph.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Ocular inflammation / Uveitis1 drop per affected eyetopicalbid to qidAs directed by veterinarian🌍 EU
  • Ocular inflammation / Uveitis: Standard veterinary ophthalmic dosing; not explicitly stated in the provided monograph.

馬

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in tarsal, carpal, metacarpophalangeal, metarsophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal (hock, knee, fetlock, pastern) jointsApply a five inch ribbontopicaltwice dailyup to 10 days🌎 NA
  • Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in tarsal, carpal, metacarpophalangeal, metarsophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal (hock, knee, fetlock, pastern) joints: Wear rubber gloves and rub cream thoroughly into the hair covering the joint until cream disappears.

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

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概覽

雙氯芬酸鈉是一種​非類固醇消炎止痛藥 (NSAID)​。

  • ​獸醫用途​：以局部脂質體乳膏（Surpass®）形式獲 FDA 批准用於馬匹，以控制與骨關節炎相關的局部關節疼痛和發炎。
  • ​全身性用途​：雖然理論上可全身性用於其他物種，但對於犬貓有更安全的 FDA 批准替代藥物。

​重要毒性提示​：雙氯芬酸對鳥類（尤其是禿鷲）具有高度毒性，會導致致命的腎衰竭，絕不可用於鳥類。

作用機轉

Diclofenac is a non-specific inhibitor of ​cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2)​ enzymes.

  • Arachidonic Acid Cascade: Inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid → prostaglandins and thromboxanes.
  • Lipooxygenase: May also have some inhibitory effects on the lipooxygenase pathway, reducing leukotriene production.
  • Result: Decreased production of inflammatory mediators leads to reduced pain, hyperpyrexia, and inflammation.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Hypersensitivity to diclofenac or any component of the cream
  • Horses less than one year old
  • Birds (implicated in causing death in vultures)

不良反應

  • Colic (horses)
  • Weight loss
  • Gastric ulcers
  • Uterine discharge
  • Local inflammation
  • Swelling
  • Alopecia
  • Vomiting (dogs/cats)
  • Bloody diarrhea/melena (dogs/cats)
  • Polydipsia (dogs/cats)

注意事項

Exceeding the recommended dosage or treating multiple joints may cause adverse effects. Reproductive safety for topical diclofenac has not been investigated in breeding, pregnant, or lactating horses. Do not use in birds.

藥物交互作用

Topical CorticosteroidsMajor

Increased risk of delayed corneal healing and severe corneal complications (corneal melting) when used concurrently.

Topical Prostaglandin Analogues (e.g., Latanoprost)Moderate

NSAIDs may theoretically blunt the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of prostaglandin analogues.

監測

  • Efficacy (reduction in pain/inflammation)
  • Adverse effects (GI signs, local skin reactions)

藥物動力學

吸收

Absorbed locally when applied topically to horses via 1% liposomal cream. Peak levels in transudate ~80 ng/mL; levels stay increased from 6 to at least 18 hours.

分佈

Most drug remains in local tissues near administration point, but detectable systemic levels may occur. >99% bound to plasma proteins in humans.

代謝

Metabolized in the liver.

排除

Metabolites are excreted primarily into the urine.

過量

As an NSAID, overdosage primarily affects the gastrointestinal and renal systems.

  • ​Horses (Topical Overdose)​: Weight loss, gastric ulcers, colic, diarrhea, and uterine discharge.
  • ​Dogs/Cats (Ingestion)​: Vomiting, diarrhea (often bloody/melena), and polydipsia.
  • Treatment:
    • Decontamination: Emetics and/or activated charcoal for recent ingestions.
    • GI Protection: Use of gastrointestinal protectants (e.g., sucralfate, omeprazole) is warranted if GI effects are expected.
    • Renal Protection: Fluid diuresis is warranted if renal effects are anticipated.
    • Supportive Care: Symptomatic treatment as needed.

可用產品

劑型

  • 1% topical liposomal cream
  • Delayed-release tablets
  • 3% topical gel
  • Tablets with misoprostol
  • Topical ophthalmic drops

獸醫用

  • Diclofenac sodium (liposomal) 1% topical cream in 124 g tubes (Surpass)

人用標示

  • Diclofenac Tablets: 50 mg (Cataflam)
  • Diclofenac Delayed-release Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg & 100 mg (Voltaren-XR)
  • Diclofenac Sodium Gel: 3% (Solaraze)
  • Diclofenac Sodium/Misoprostol Tablets: 50 mg/200 mcg & 75 mg/200 mcg (Arthrotec)

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA

Human-approved ophthalmic products used off-label under the cascade.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥 · POMVMD

Human-approved ophthalmic products (POM) used off-label under the cascade.

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store in airtight containers and protect from light. The commercially available 1% cream (Surpass) should be stored at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F); protect from freezing.

飼主須知

  • ​嚴格遵從指示​：請完全按照指示使用。​切勿​增加劑量（塗抹面積）或延長使用時間（不超過 10 天），以免產生不良反應。
  • ​安全預防措施​：塗抹乳膏時，請務必戴上不透水的防護手套，以避免自身吸收藥物。
  • ​監測​：觀察是否出現腸胃不適的跡象（例如食慾不振、腹瀉或馬匹腹痛），若有發生請聯繫您的獸醫。
  • ​資訊表​：請閱讀藥物隨附的飼主資訊表。

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