多佐胺
眼科碳酸酐酶抑制劑
**多佐胺 (Dorzolamide)** 是一種局部碳酸酐酶抑制劑，主要用於治療犬貓的**青光眼**。可單獨使用或與β受體阻斷劑**噻嗎洛爾 (Timolol)** 合併使用。 > **臨床提示：** 雖然複方製劑在犬隻中通常更有效，但貓通常僅使用多佐胺即可達到最大的眼壓 (IOP) 降低效果。請注意，其酸性 pH 值 (5.6) 在點眼時可能會比布林佐胺 (Brinzolamide) 引起更多的刺痛感。
作用機制: Inhibits the enzyme **carbonic anhydrase** in the **ciliary body epithelium** → reduces the formation of **bicarbonate ions** → decreases fluid transport → reduces **aqueous humour production** → lowers **intraocular pressure (IOP)**.
各物種劑量
Cats
- Glaucoma · 1 drop/eye · topical · q8-12h · Maximal IOP lowering efficiency occurs with dorzolamide alone.
Dogs
- Glaucoma · 1 drop/eye · topical · q8-12h · Dorzolamide/timolol combination may be more effective in dogs than either drug alone.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
Topical (Ophthalmic)
禁忌症
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Severe renal impairment
- Uveitis (if using timolol combination)
- Anterior lens luxation (if using timolol combination)
不良反應
- Local irritation
- Blepharitis
- Keratitis
- Salivation
- Inappetance
- Bradycardia (with timolol combination)
- Hypotension (with timolol combination)
- Hypokalaemia (cats, rare)
- Metabolic acidosis (dogs, rare)
監測
- Intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Signs of local irritation (blepharitis, keratitis)
- Serum potassium in cats (if used long-term)
- Acid-base status in dogs (if used long-term)
過量
No specific information provided in the monograph. Excessive topical application may increase the risk of systemic absorption, potentially leading to **metabolic acidosis** or **hypokalaemia**.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。