氟雷拉納
氟雷拉納是一種全身性**異惡唑啉類**體外寄生蟲殺滅劑，主要用於治療和預防犬貓的跳蚤和壁蝨感染。它具有長效作用（每劑通常可維持長達12週）。 > **臨床提示：** 犬用口服咀嚼錠必須與食物一起投予，以最大化胃腸道吸收。對於有癲癇或神經系統疾病病史的動物，請謹慎使用。
作用機制: Fluralaner acts as an ectoparasiticide by antagonizing ligand-gated chloride channels. It specifically targets channels gated by the neurotransmitter **gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)** and glutamate (GluCl) → blocks pre- and post-synaptic transfer of chloride ions across cell membranes → results in uncontrolled central nervous system activity and death of insects and acarines.
各物種劑量
- Flea and tick treatment and prevention · 25-56 mg/kg · PO · Every 12 weeks · 12 weeks · Administer with food. Available in 5 sizes of chewable tablets.
- Flea and tick treatment and prevention · Standard pipette based on weight (delivering approx 25 mg/kg) · topical · Every 12 weeks · 12 weeks · 280 mg/ml spot-on solution. Available in 5 sizes.
- Flea and tick treatment and prevention · Standard pipette based on weight (delivering approx 40 mg/kg) · topical · Every 12 weeks · 12 weeks · 280 mg/ml spot-on solution. Available in 3 sizes.
- Flea, tick, and nematode treatment and prevention · Standard pipette based on weight · topical · Every 12 weeks · 12 weeks · Bravecto Plus (280 mg/ml fluralaner and 14 mg/ml moxidectin). Available in 3 sizes.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Known hypersensitivity to fluralaner or any excipients
- Use with caution in dogs or cats with pre-existing epilepsy or seizure disorders
- Known hypersensitivity to fluralaner
- Puppies less than 8 weeks of age or weighing less than 2 kg
- Kittens less than 11 weeks of age or weighing less than 1.2 kg
不良反應
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Lethargy
- Decreased appetite
- Application site reactions (erythema, pruritus, alopecia for topical forms)
- Rare neurological signs (muscle tremors, ataxia, seizures)
- Neurologic signs (tremors, ataxia, seizures - rare)
- Application site reactions (erythema, pruritus - topical forms)
藥物相互作用
- Highly protein-bound drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, warfarin) · Fluralaner is highly bound to plasma proteins and might theoretically compete with other highly bound drugs, though clinical significance is generally low. · minor
- Highly protein-bound drugs (e.g., NSAIDs) · Fluralaner is highly protein-bound and may theoretically compete with other highly bound drugs, though clinical significance is generally considered low. · minor
監測
- Efficacy of parasite control
- Signs of gastrointestinal upset
- Neurological status (especially in animals with a history of seizures)
- Adverse neurologic signs (tremors, ataxia, seizures)
過量
Fluralaner is generally well tolerated. In safety studies, oral administration of up to 5 times the maximum recommended dose in dogs produced no severe adverse effects. Overdoses may increase the risk of gastrointestinal upset or transient neurological signs. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。