氟替卡松
Fluticasone
Fluticasone propionate
別名: Flixotide · Flovent · Fluticasone propionate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
各物種劑量
此藥的劑量資料尚未收錄於 VetSheet 藥典，以下其他章節資料完整。開立處方前請參閱最新仿單。
概覽
氟替卡松是一種強效的合成糖皮質激素，主要透過吸入方式用於控制獸醫學中的慢性呼吸道發炎（如貓氣喘和犬慢性支氣管炎）。
臨床提示： 吸入給藥可將藥物直接送達呼吸道黏膜，大幅減少全身性吸收以及口服皮質類固醇常見的不良副作用。
作用機轉
Binds to specific glucocorticoid nuclear receptors → alters gene transcription → suppresses multiple inflammatory pathways, decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting inflammatory cells such as eosinophils and macrophages.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Status asthmaticus (not for acute bronchospasm relief)
- Untreated respiratory tract infections
- Known hypersensitivity to fluticasone
不良反應
- Pharyngeal candidiasis (rare)
- Mild systemic adrenal suppression (at very high doses)
- Coughing or gagging during administration
注意事項
Must be used with a veterinary-specific spacer device (e.g., AeroKat, AeroDawg) and a well-fitting face mask for effective delivery to the lower airways. This is a maintenance medication and is not effective as a rescue inhaler for acute respiratory distress. It may take several days to weeks to reach full clinical effect.
藥物交互作用
May increase systemic fluticasone exposure by inhibiting CYP3A4 metabolism
May increase systemic fluticasone exposure by inhibiting CYP3A4 metabolism
監測
- Clinical signs of respiratory disease (coughing frequency, wheezing, respiratory rate and effort)
- Signs of systemic corticosteroid excess (PU/PD, polyphagia) if on high doses
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Minimal systemic absorption from the lungs. Any swallowed fraction has very low oral bioavailability due to poor aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism.
分佈
Locally distributed in the respiratory tract.
代謝
Extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver (via CYP3A4) to an inactive carboxylic acid metabolite if swallowed.
排除
Primarily excreted in feces.
過量
Systemic toxicity is highly unlikely with acute overdose due to poor oral bioavailability. Chronic massive overdose may lead to iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) or hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression.
可用產品
劑型
- 125 μg metered inhalation
- 250 μg metered inhalation
人用標示
- Flixotide Evohaler 50 μg
- Flixotide Evohaler 125 μg
- Flixotide Evohaler 250 μg
各地核准狀態
Human approved product (POM) used off-label under the cascade.
Human approved product (POM) used off-label under the cascade.
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store at room temperature (below 30°C). Protect from frost and direct sunlight. Do not puncture, break, or burn the pressurized aerosol canister, even when empty.
飼主須知
氟替卡松是一種預防性吸入劑，用於控制寵物肺部的慢性發炎。
重要提示： 本藥物不適用於氣喘急救或急性呼吸困難。
- 請務必使用處方的儲霧罐（spacer）和面罩，以確保藥物能有效進入肺部。
- 按壓吸入器後，讓寵物透過面罩正常呼吸 7-10 次。
- 使用後請用濕布擦拭寵物臉部，以防皮膚刺激或局部黴菌感染。
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