明膠
Gelatine
Succinylated gelatine / Polygeline
別名: Gelofusine · Haemaccel · Oxypolygelatine · Polygeline · Succinylated gelatine
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma volume expansion (shock) | 10-20 ml/kg | IV | bolus | Do not exceed replacement of >25% of circulating blood volume in a 24-hour period | 🌍 EU |
- Plasma volume expansion (shock): Administer as a bolus. Monitor patient hemodynamics closely.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma volume expansion (shock) | 10-20 ml/kg | IV | bolus | Do not exceed replacement of >25% of circulating blood volume in a 24-hour period | 🌍 EU |
- Plasma volume expansion (shock): Administer as a bolus. Monitor patient hemodynamics closely.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
明膠基底溶液是一種合成膠體，用於擴充和維持各種休克（包括低血容性和出血性休克）時的血容量。
與其他合成膠體（如羥乙基澱粉）的主要區別在於它們的分子量較低。因此，它們排泄更迅速，血漿擴充的持續時間也短得多。它們幾乎沒有抗原性或抗凝血作用，給藥後對凝血或失血的影響很小。
臨床警告： 患有充血性心臟衰竭或腎功能不全的動物應極度謹慎使用，因為這些情況會顯著增加循環超載的風險。
作用機轉
Gelatine acts as a synthetic colloid that promotes the retention of fluid within the vascular system through the exertion of oncotic pressure, thereby expanding circulating blood volume and improving hemodynamics during shock states.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Congestive heart failure (relative)
- Oliguric or anuric renal failure (relative)
- Known hypersensitivity to gelatine products
不良反應
- Anaphylactoid reactions (rare)
- Circulatory overload
- Potential kidney injury (extrapolated from human medicine concerns)
注意事項
Use with caution in patients with congestive heart failure or renal insufficiency due to the increased risk of circulatory overload. Monitor for signs of anaphylactoid reactions, though these are considered rare. In human medicine, there are concerns regarding the safety of these solutions in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.
監測
- Blood pressure
- Heart rate and rhythm
- Central venous pressure (CVP)
- Packed cell volume (PCV) and total protein (TP)
- Signs of fluid overload (e.g., tachypnea, crackles on lung auscultation)
- Renal function and urine output
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Administered directly into the systemic circulation (IV).
分佈
Retained primarily within the vascular space to exert oncotic pressure, though it has a shorter duration of action compared to higher molecular weight colloids.
代謝
Degraded in the body; lower molecular weight allows for faster processing.
排除
Excreted rapidly by the kidneys.
過量
Overdosage can lead to circulatory overload, manifesting as pulmonary edema, elevated venous pressure, and respiratory distress. This is particularly dangerous in patients with compromised cardiac or renal function. Treatment involves stopping the infusion immediately and administering diuretics (e.g., furosemide) if necessary.
可用產品
劑型
- Injectable: 4% solution of succinylated gelatine in 0.7% sodium chloride (Gelofusine)
- Injectable: 35 g/dl degraded urea-linked gelatine with NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 (Haemaccel)
獸醫用
- Gelofusine (4% solution of succinylated gelatine in 0.7% NaCl)
- Haemaccel (35 g/dl degraded urea-linked gelatine with NaCl, KCl, CaCl2)
各地核准狀態
Historically used in veterinary medicine; specific national authorizations may vary.
Classified as POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine - Veterinarian).
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Normal precautions should be observed. Store at room temperature and do not freeze. Discard any unused portion after opening.
飼主須知
這是一種用於緊急情況（如嚴重出血或休克）的靜脈輸液。它作為「體積擴充劑」，有助於恢復和維持寵物的血壓與血容量。本品由獸醫專業人員在醫院密切監測寵物的情況下，直接進行靜脈注射。
VetSheet 藥物參考供合格獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠商最新仿單。