戊巴比妥安樂死劑
戊巴比妥類安樂死溶液用於非食用動物的快速、人道安樂死。 **主要臨床重點:** * **首選方法:** 根據AVMA指南,靜脈注射(IV)巴比妥酸衍生物是狗、貓、其他小動物及馬匹安樂死的黃金標準與首選方法。 * **替代途徑:** 當靜脈注射會引起痛苦或危險時,可使用腹腔注射(IP)。心內注射(IC)**僅能**在動物處於重度鎮靜、無意識或麻醉狀態下使用。 * **配方:** 部分產品將戊巴比妥與苯妥英結合(例如 Beuthanasia-D Special),以提供額外的心臟抑制效果,並將其管制級別從二級改為三級管制藥品。 > **注意:** 使用戊巴比妥安樂死的動物遺體可能因組織殘留而被化製廠拒收,並對食腐野生動物構成二次中毒風險。
作用機制: **Pentobarbital** is a short-acting barbiturate that acts as a positive allosteric modulator at **GABA_A receptors**, enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA. * At the massive doses used for euthanasia, it causes profound, irreversible central nervous system (CNS) depression. * This leads to severe depression of the **medullary respiratory and vasomotor centers** → apnea → hypoxia → cardiac arrest. **Phenytoin** (when included) is an antiarrhythmic/anticonvulsant that, at toxic doses, causes direct myocardial depression and cardiovascular collapse, ensuring rapid cessation of cardiac activity.
各物種劑量
- Euthanasia · 10-15 mL per 100 pounds of body weight. · IV · Once · Depending on product concentration. Must not be used in animals to be consumed.
- Euthanasia · 10-15 mL per 100 pounds of body weight. · IV · Once · Depending on product concentration. Must not be used in animals to be consumed.
- Euthanasia (Pentobarbital sodium single agent) · Approximately 120 mg/kg for the first 4.5 kg of body weight, and 60 mg/kg for every 4.5 kg of body weight thereafter. · IV · Once · Administer IV.
- Euthanasia (Pentobarbital sodium with phenytoin) · 1 mL for each 4.5 kg of body weight · IV · Once · Not FDA-approved for use in this species.
- Euthanasia · 10-15 mL per 100 pounds of body weight. · IV · Once · Depending on product concentration. Must not be used in animals to be consumed.
- Euthanasia · 10-15 mL per 100 pounds of body weight. · IV · Once · Depending on product concentration. Must not be used in animals to be consumed.
- Euthanasia · 10-15 mL per 100 pounds of body weight. · IV · Once · Depending on product concentration. Must not be used in animals to be consumed.
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Animals intended for food purposes (human or animal consumption)
不良反應
- Minor muscle twitching post-injection
- Delayed death or incomplete euthanasia if administered perivascularly
- Agonal breathing (terminal gasp)
監測
- Respiratory rate
- Cardiac rate
- Corneal reflex
過量
Not applicable. This agent is specifically designed and administered to induce humane death.
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