費洛蒙
市售的**費洛蒙**是天然哺乳動物安撫和面部費洛蒙的合成類似物。它們作為非全身性、高度安全的輔助工具，用於減輕獸醫病患的焦慮、壓力和不良行為。 * **貓**：可用於尿液標記、垂直抓撓、貓際攻擊和一般壓力。 * **狗**：用於分離焦慮、噪音恐懼、旅行壓力以及在新環境中的安撫。 * **馬**：有助於緩解運輸、釘蹄、修剪和訓練期間的壓力。 > **臨床提示**：費洛蒙並非解決嚴重行為問題的萬靈丹。當它們作為綜合行為矯正計畫的一部分（可能與全身性抗焦慮藥物併用）時，效果最佳。
作用機制: Pheromones are detected by the **vomeronasal organ (VNO)** or Jacobson's organ, located in the hard palate/nasal cavity. Detection by the VNO → transmission via accessory olfactory bulb → amygdala and hypothalamus → **modulation of emotional response** (general calming effect). * **F3 Feline Facial Pheromone**: Inhibits urine marking, encourages feeding, and enhances exploratory behavior. * **F4 Feline Pheromone**: An allomarking pheromone that familiarizes cats with their surroundings and conspecifics. * **Dog Appeasing Pheromone (DAP)**: Analog of bitch intermammary pheromone produced during nursing, providing a sense of safety and comfort.
各物種劑量
- Stressful situations (transport, shoeing, clipping, training) · 2 sprays into each nostril · Intranasal · 1/2 hour before anticipated stress or event · As needed · Keep horse in a non-stressful environment for 1/2 hour after administration to achieve best results.
- Fear, stress, separation anxiety, new environments · 1 diffuser per 500-650 sq. ft. · Environmental · Continuous · Vial lasts approx 4 weeks · Plug into electric outlet in the room most often used by the animal. May require up to 72 hours to saturate area.
- Travel anxiety, unfamiliar places · Spray in car, kennels, crates, or on bandanas · Environmental · 20 minutes prior to travel, or twice daily in new areas · As needed · Do not spray directly on dogs.
- Stress associated with separation, noise sensitivity, travel, new home, or veterinary visits · Apply via diffuser, spray, or collar as directed · topical · Continuous (diffuser/collar) or as needed (spray) · 3 months recommended for attachment-related issues · Diffuser: place in most occupied room. Spray: use on bedding, cages, cars (do not spray on dog). Collar: useful for reactions outside the home; if multiple dogs are affected, each should wear a collar.
- Urine marking, scratching, stress, inter-cat aggression · 1 diffuser per 500-650 sq. ft. · Environmental · Continuous · Vial lasts approx 4 weeks · Plug into electric outlet in the room most often used by the animal. May require up to 72 hours to saturate area.
- Urine marking, prominent objects · 1 spray per application site · Environmental · 1-2 times daily · 30 days · Pump spray approx 4 inches from site, 8 inches from floor. Do not spray directly on cats. Maintenance sprays every 2-3 days may be required.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- None known
不良反應
- No significant adverse effects reported
- Highly safe due to lack of systemic absorption
藥物相互作用
- CNS Stimulants · May reduce or negate the calming effects of pheromones
- Benzodiazepines · Anecdotal reports suggest a synergistic anxiolytic action · minor
監測
- Clinical efficacy (reduction in targeted stress or anxiety behaviors)
過量
No specific animal toxicity data is available. The ingredients are not considered toxic. If humans are accidentally exposed and experience an adverse reaction, they should contact a physician or poison control center.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。