痤瘡丙酸桿菌注射液
Propionibacterium acnes injection
Propionibacterium acnes (non-viable) / Corynebacterium parvum
別名: Immunoregulin · Eqstim · Arthrokehlan A · Coparvax · Corymunun · Imunoparvum · Corynebacterium parvum · NSC-220537
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunct to antibiotic therapy in the treatment of chronic recurring canine pyoderma | For animals weighing up to 15 lbs = 0.25-0.5 mL; 15-45 lbs = 0.25-1 mL; 45-75 lbs = 1-1.5 mL; >75 lbs = 1.5-2 mL | IV | 4 times at 3-4 day intervals, then once weekly until symptoms abate or stabilize. Maintenance doses once per month are recommended. | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive therapy of chronic recurrent canine pyoderma | 0.03-0.07 mL/kg | IV | twice weekly | 10 weeks | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunct to antibiotic therapy in the treatment of chronic recurring canine pyoderma: Shake well before use.
- Adjunctive therapy of chronic recurrent canine pyoderma: Combined with antibiotic therapy.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive therapy of feline retrovirus infections | 0.5 mL | IV | twice weekly for 2 weeks, then one injection weekly | 20 weeks or until cat is seronegative | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive therapy of feline retrovirus infections | 0.25-0.5 mL | IV | twice weekly then every other week | 16 weeks | 🌎 NA |
| Antiviral immunostimulant to increase hematopoiesis in FeLV-positive cats | 5 lb cats: 0.25 mL; 10 lb cats: 0.5 mL | IV, IP | twice weekly for 2 weeks, then once weekly until remission and once monthly after that to maintain clinical improvement. (For 10 lb cats: once weekly for 3 weeks and once monthly for 2 months for a total of nine injections) | Variable | 🌎 NA |
- Antiviral immunostimulant to increase hematopoiesis in FeLV-positive cats: Some protocols suggest follow-up with injections once weekly for 20 weeks or longer as needed.
馬
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immunostimulant for adjunctive therapy of primary or secondary viral or bacterial respiratory tract infections | 1 mL per 114kg (250 lb) body weight | IV | q48-72h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Immunostimulant for adjunctive therapy of primary or secondary viral or bacterial respiratory tract infections | 1 mL per 114kg (250 lb) body weight | IV | Repeat dosage on day 3 (or day 4), at day 7, and weekly as needed | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment to improve fertility in mares with endometritis | 1 mL per 114 kg (250 lb) body weight | IV | Given days 0, 2, and 6 | — | 🌎 NA |
- Immunostimulant for adjunctive therapy of primary or secondary viral or bacterial respiratory tract infections: Using EqStim
- Immunostimulant for adjunctive therapy of primary or secondary viral or bacterial respiratory tract infections: Using EqStim
- Adjunctive treatment to improve fertility in mares with endometritis: Using EqStim. Best results in mares bred 2 days before to 8 days after initial administration.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
痤瘡丙酸桿菌注射液 (Propionibacterium acnes injection) 是一種非特異性免疫刺激劑和生物反應調節劑 (BRM)，由已殺死（非活菌）的痤瘡丙酸桿菌（以前稱為 Corynebacterium parvum）懸浮液製成。
臨床應用
- 犬： 主要作為抗生素治療的輔助藥物，用於治療慢性復發性膿皮症，以減輕病灶的嚴重程度和發生頻率。
- 馬： 作為原發性或繼發性病毒或細菌性呼吸道感染的輔助治療，也用於標示外用途，以改善患有持續性子宮內膜炎母馬的繁殖力。
- 貓： 標示外用於控制貓反轉錄病毒感染 (FeLV, FIV) 和貓鼻氣管炎，但療效數據不一。
臨床要點： 由於它依賴完整的免疫系統來產生反應，其療效可能會有很大差異。它幾乎完全作為輔助療法，而非單一療法使用。
作用機轉
As a non-specific immunostimulant, P. acnes acts by stimulating the reticuloendothelial system and cell-mediated immunity.
- PAMP Recognition: The killed bacteria contain Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) that are recognized by Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) (likely TLR9) on antigen-presenting cells.
- Macrophage Activation: Induces robust activation of macrophages and dendritic cells.
- Cytokine Cascade: Stimulates the production of lymphokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ) → promotes a Th1-type immune response.
- Effector Cell Enhancement: Increases Natural Killer (NK) cell activity and enhances overall cell-mediated immunity to help clear chronic bacterial or viral infections.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Hypersensitivity to the compound
- Canine lymphoma
- Leukemias with CNS involvement
- FIV or FIP in cats (according to some sources)
不良反應
- Lethargy
- Hyperthermia (fever)
- Chills
- Anorexia
- Anaphylactic reactions
- Local tissue inflammation (if extravasated)
- Vomiting (long-term use)
- Malaise (long-term use)
- Acidosis (long-term use)
- Increased water consumption (long-term use)
- Hepatitis (long-term use)
注意事項
Use with caution in patients with cardiac dysfunction. Safe use during pregnancy has not been established. Ensure strict intravenous administration, as extravasation may cause severe local tissue inflammation.
藥物交互作用
May compromise immunostimulant effects; manufacturer recommends discontinuing steroids at least 7 days prior to initiating therapy.
May compromise immunostimulant effects.
監測
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of pyoderma lesions, improvement in respiratory signs, or viral remission)
- Adverse effects (lethargy, fever, chills)
- Signs of anaphylaxis immediately following injection
過量
Specific overdosage information is not available. The primary concern with acute administration is the potential for anaphylactic (severe allergic) reactions. The manufacturer states that the antidote for such reactions is epinephrine.
可用產品
劑型
- Injection: 0.4 mg/mL in 5 mL and 50 mL vials
獸醫用
- Immunoregulin® (Neogen): 0.4 mg/mL in 5 mL and 50 mL vials (Labeled for dogs)
- Eqstim® (Neogen): 0.4 mg/mL in 5 mL and 50 mL vials (Labeled for horses)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store refrigerated; do not freeze. Shake well before using.
飼主須知
這是什麼藥物？
您的寵物正在接受一種生物反應調節劑（通常稱為免疫刺激劑）的注射。它含有已殺死的細菌，能作為寵物免疫系統的「喚醒信號」，幫助牠們的身體對抗慢性的細菌或病毒感染。
預期反應
- 類似感冒的症狀： 由於免疫系統正在被活化，寵物在注射後幾小時內出現輕微、暫時的副作用是很常見的。這些症狀可能包括疲倦（嗜睡）、輕微發燒、發冷或暫時食慾不振。
- 治療時程： 此藥物通常在幾週或幾個月內進行一系列注射，並經常與傳統的抗生素或抗病毒藥物一起使用。
何時該聯絡獸醫師
緊急警告： 在極少數情況下，寵物可能會對注射產生嚴重的過敏反應（過敏性休克）。如果您的寵物在注射後不久出現臉部腫脹、蕁麻疹、嚴重嘔吐/腹瀉、呼吸困難或突然倒下，請立即尋求獸醫協助。
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