羅哌卡因
Ropivacaine
別名: Naropin · Ropivacaine hydrochloride
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analgesia (perineural, epidural, or intrapleural) | Up to 4 mg/kg | Perineural/Epidural/Intrapleural | q8h | — | 🌍 EU |
- Analgesia (perineural, epidural, or intrapleural): Lower doses should be used when systemic absorption is likely to be high (e.g., intrapleural). Can be diluted with normal saline for wider distribution.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analgesia | Maximum 2 mg/kg | Perineural/Epidural/Intrapleural | — | — | 🌍 EU |
- Analgesia: The toxic dose has not been established in cats; it is recommended not to exceed 2 mg/kg.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
羅哌卡因是一種長效醯胺類局部麻醉劑，用於透過神經阻滯、區域和硬膜外技術提供鎮痛。與布比卡因相比，羅哌卡因的心臟毒性較低，且對感覺神經的選擇性高於運動神經，從而減少了相關的運動神經阻滯程度。絕對不可靜脈注射，以免引發難以治療的嚴重心律不整。
作用機轉
Ropivacaine produces local anesthesia through the reversible blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve fibers.
By binding to the intracellular portion of sodium channels, it prevents sodium influx → inhibits depolarization → prevents the generation and conduction of action potentials along the nerve fiber. Its higher lipid solubility allows it to preferentially block A-delta and C fibers (sensory/pain) over A-alpha fibers (motor).
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Intravenous (IV) administration
- Intravenous regional anaesthesia (Bier block)
不良反應
- Cardiac arrhythmias (if injected intravascularly)
- Systemic toxicity (CNS excitation followed by depression, seizures)
- Motor blockade (dose-dependent)
注意事項
Strictly avoid intravenous injection. Inadvertent intravascular injection may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias that are refractory to treatment.
- Aspiration: Always aspirate prior to injection to ensure the needle is not in a blood vessel.
- Systemic Absorption: Lower doses should be used when systemic absorption is likely to be high (e.g., intrapleural analgesia).
- Dilution: Small volumes can be diluted with normal saline to enable wider distribution for perineural blockade.
藥物交互作用
Additive systemic toxicity; dose of ropivacaine should be reduced when used in combination.
Unlike some other local anesthetics, the addition of adrenaline does not appear to significantly alter the duration of the ropivacaine block.
監測
- Heart rate and rhythm (ECG)
- Blood pressure
- Signs of CNS toxicity (twitching, tremors, seizures)
- Motor function recovery
藥物動力學
吸收
Systemic absorption depends on the route, dose, and vascularity of the injection site. Absorption is high following intrapleural administration.
分佈
Distributes widely; can be diluted with normal saline to increase distribution volume for perineural blocks.
代謝
Hepatic metabolism (cytochrome P450 system).
排除
Excreted primarily via the kidneys as metabolites.
過量
Overdosage or inadvertent intravascular injection can lead to severe systemic toxicity.
- Cardiovascular: May precipitate severe cardiac arrhythmias that are highly refractory to standard treatments, hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse.
- CNS: May cause excitation, tremors, and seizures, followed by CNS depression.
- Treatment: Supportive care, oxygen therapy, seizure control (e.g., benzodiazepines), and potentially intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy for severe toxicity.
可用產品
劑型
- 2 mg/ml solution
- 7.5 mg/ml solution
- 10 mg/ml solution
人用標示
- Naropin 2 mg/ml solution
- Naropin 5 mg/ml solution
- Naropin 7.5 mg/ml solution
- Naropin 10 mg/ml solution
各地核准狀態
POM (Prescription Only Medicine)
POM-V
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Normal precautions should be observed. Store at room temperature. Do not freeze.
飼主須知
羅哌卡因是獸醫在手術期間或手術後用於提供局部精準止痛的藥物。它通常在診所內由專業人員施打。由於其長效特性，您的寵物在手術後數小時內可能會在受影響區域感到麻木或輕微無力，這是正常現象。
VetSheet 藥物參考供合格獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠商最新仿單。