司來吉蘭
司來吉蘭 (L-deprenyl) 是一種單胺氧化酶抑制劑，被核准用於治療純情緒引起的行為障礙，如**憂鬱**和**焦慮**。它常與行為療法結合，用於治療過度活躍、分離焦慮、廣泛性恐懼症和不合群行為。 這些情緒障礙的特徵通常包括飲食、飲水、自我刺激行為、睡眠、探索行為的改變，以及與恐懼/刺激相關的攻擊行為和軀體障礙（如心搏過速、情緒性排尿）。 > **臨床提示：** 司來吉蘭非常適用於**犬認知功能障礙 (CCD)**，特別是伴隨焦慮或社交退縮時，也可用於治療高齡貓的認知衰退跡象。其獨特之處在於可以突然停藥，無需逐漸減量。
作用機制: Selegiline modifies the concentration of monoaminergic neurotransmitters, especially **phenylethylamine** and **dopamine**, by selectively inhibiting the activity of **Type-B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B)**, the enzyme that normally breaks down these chemicals. MAO-B inhibition → decreased breakdown of dopamine → increased dopamine concentrations in the CNS. It also appears to possess **neuroprotective properties**.
各物種劑量
- Behavioural disorders and cognitive dysfunction · 0.5-1 mg/kg · PO · q24h · minimum of 2 months · Treatment can be stopped suddenly without gradual dose reduction.
- Cognitive decline in older cats · 1 mg/kg · PO · q24h · Not specified · Treatment can be stopped suddenly without gradual dose reduction.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Known sensitivity to selegiline
- Lactating bitches (acts on prolactin secretion)
- Pregnant bitches
不良反應
- No specific adverse reactions are listed in the monograph
- Clinical Pearl: May occasionally cause mild gastrointestinal upset, restlessness, or lethargy
藥物相互作用
- Alpha-2 antagonists · Should not be administered concurrently or within 24 hours before/after use · major
- Pethidine · Contraindicated concurrent use · major
- Ephedrine · Contraindicated concurrent use · major
- Amitraz · Potential MAOI interaction; contraindicated · major
- Phenothiazines · Contraindicated concurrent use · major
- Morphine · Potentiates the effect of morphine · moderate
- Metronidazole · Potential interaction exists · minor
- Prednisolone · Potential interaction exists · minor
- Trimethoprim · Potential interaction exists · minor
- Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, doxepin, clomipramine) · Do not use selegiline for at least 2-3 weeks after TCA use · major
- Fluoxetine · Do not use selegiline for at least 6 weeks after long-term fluoxetine use · major
監測
- Improvement in behavioural signs (anxiety, phobias, social withdrawal)
- Improvement in cognitive function (disorientation, sleep-wake cycle alterations)
- Adverse drug interactions if other medications are introduced
過量
No specific overdose information is provided in the monograph. **Clinical Pearl:** Overdoses of MAOIs can lead to signs of serotonin syndrome or excessive dopaminergic stimulation, including hyperthermia, tachycardia, tremors, and agitation. Treatment is supportive.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。