磺胺嘧啶銀
Silver sulfadiazine
別名: Flamazine · Sulfadiazine silver · SSD
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burns and superficial wound infections | Apply a thin layer (approx 1.5 mm thick) to the affected area | topical | sid to bid | Until healing is satisfactory | 🌍 EU |
- Burns and superficial wound infections: Clean and debride wound before application. Apply using sterile technique.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burns and superficial wound infections | Apply a thin layer (approx 1.5 mm thick) to the affected area | topical | sid to bid | Until healing is satisfactory | 🌍 EU |
- Burns and superficial wound infections: Clean and debride wound before application. Apply using sterile technique.
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
磺胺嘧啶銀是一種局部抗菌劑，廣泛應用於獸醫學，用於治療和預防二度及三度燒傷以及其他淺表皮膚感染和創傷的感染。
臨床提示： 它對包括綠膿桿菌在內的廣泛細菌及部分酵母菌具有高度療效。由於其舒緩的乳膏基質和廣譜療效，在燒傷護理中特別受重視。
作用機轉
Slowly releases silver ions in concentrations that are toxic to bacteria and yeasts. The sulfadiazine component also provides local anti-infective qualities by inhibiting bacterial folic acid synthesis.
→ Silver ions bind to bacterial DNA and cell membranes → disruption of cellular metabolism and structural integrity → cell death. → Sulfadiazine competitively inhibits dihydropteroate synthase → prevents bacterial folic acid synthesis.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides
- Use in pregnant or premature animals (theoretical risk of kernicterus)
不良反應
- Local irritation
- Erythema
- Skin discoloration (argyria) with prolonged use
- Delayed wound healing (in some cases)
注意事項
Avoid contact with eyes. Use with caution in patients with known sulfonamide hypersensitivity. May impair the action of topical proteolytic enzymes used for wound debridement. Systemic absorption can occur if applied to very large burn areas, potentially leading to systemic sulfonamide effects.
藥物交互作用
Silver may inactivate the enzymes, reducing their debriding efficacy.
May increase the risk of leukopenia if significant systemic absorption occurs.
監測
- Wound healing progress
- Signs of local irritation or hypersensitivity
- Complete blood count (CBC) if applied to very large areas for prolonged periods (due to theoretical risk of leukopenia)
藥物動力學
吸收
Minimal systemic absorption from intact skin; however, up to 10% of sulfadiazine and 1% of silver may be absorbed from extensive burn wounds.
分佈
Primarily local tissue distribution at the site of application.
代謝
Absorbed sulfadiazine is metabolized in the liver.
排除
Absorbed sulfadiazine is excreted primarily in the urine.
過量
Overdose is highly unlikely with topical application. Ingestion of large amounts (e.g., if a pet licks a large treated area) may cause mild gastrointestinal upset or, rarely, systemic sulfonamide toxicity (crystalluria). Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
可用產品
劑型
- 1% cream (water-soluble)
人用標示
- Flamazine 1% cream
各地核准狀態
Human approved products are frequently used extra-label in veterinary medicine.
Human products used off-label under the cascade.
Flamazine is a human POM product often used off-label under the prescribing cascade.
暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store at room temperature, away from direct light and heat. Do not freeze.
飼主須知
請嚴格按照獸醫的指示塗抹。
- 塗抹藥膏前，請按指示清潔傷口。
- 塗抹時請戴上手套，以防感染擴散並避免弄髒雙手。
- 防止寵物舔舐治療部位；通常需要使用伊莉莎白項圈（頭套）。
如果傷口惡化、變得更紅、有異味，或寵物出現皮疹，請聯繫您的獸醫。
VetSheet 藥物參考供合格獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠商最新仿單。