檸檬酸鈉
**檸檬酸鈉**是一種滲透性瀉藥，通常與糞便軟化劑（如烷基硫代乙酸鈉、月桂基硫代乙酸鈉或十二烷基硫酸鈉）配製成微型灌腸劑。主要用作低容量灌腸劑，以治療便秘並為直腸鏡檢查和放射線檢查做下消化道準備。 > **臨床警告：** 不建議用於患有炎症性腸病 (IBD) 的病患。 **臨床提示：** 專論文本中列出每個微型灌腸劑含有「450 ml 檸檬酸鈉」，這可能是原始資料中的排版錯誤，應為 450 **mg**，因為這些通常是 5 ml 的低容量微型灌腸劑。
作用機制: Acts as an **osmotic laxative** → causes water to be retained within the lumen of the GI tract. The addition of a stool softener lowers surface tension → augments the laxative action by allowing water to penetrate and soften the feces.
各物種劑量
- Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation · 1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzle · Rectal · As needed · Single dose · Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)
- Constipation / Lower GI tract preparation · 1 enema inserted per rectum to full length of nozzle · Rectal · As needed · Single dose · Used for all indications (constipation, proctoscopy/radiography prep)
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品仿單及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
不良反應
- Water and electrolyte disturbances (uncommon)
監測
- Fecal output and consistency
- Hydration status
- Electrolyte levels (if used repeatedly)
過量
Excessive or repeated use may lead to severe **water and electrolyte disturbances**, including dehydration and hypernatremia. Treatment is supportive, focusing on rehydration and electrolyte correction.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。