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體促素 / 生長激素

Somatotropin

Bovine somatotropin (bST), Porcine somatotropin (pST), Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH)

生長激素 / 內分泌藥物SCIM狗貓

別名: Posilac · Humatrope · Nutropin · Genotropin · Norditropin · rbST · Human growth hormone · rhGH · Somatropin

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

0.3-0.7 IU/kg weekly divided into 3-5 dosesSC/IM· divided into 3-5 doses weekly· Continue for at least 6 weeks to evaluate response
— 🐕

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Growth hormone replacement0.3-0.7 IU/kg weekly divided into 3-5 dosesSC/IMdivided into 3-5 doses weeklyContinue for at least 6 weeks to evaluate response🌍 EU
  • Growth hormone replacement: IM injection is painful. Monitor IGF-1.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Growth hormone replacement0.3-0.7 IU/kg weekly divided into 3-5 dosesSC/IMdivided into 3-5 doses weeklyContinue for at least 6 weeks to evaluate response🌍 EU
  • Growth hormone replacement: IM injection is painful. Monitor IGF-1.

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

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概覽

體促素（生長激素，GH）是由腦下垂體前葉分泌的胜肽荷爾蒙。在獸醫學中，重組牛生長激素 (rbST) 曾被用於增加乳牛的泌乳量，而豬生長激素則用於改善豬隻的飼料轉化率與肌肉生長。在小動物（犬貓）中，人類重組生長激素偶爾用於治療腦下垂體侏儒症（生長激素缺乏症）。

​臨床要點：​ 由於物種間胺基酸序列的差異，人類生長激素可能會在犬貓體內引發中和抗體產生，從而限制其長期療效。若能取得，與犬類生長激素同源性較高的豬生長激素為較佳的治療選擇。

作用機轉

Somatotropin binds to specific cell surface receptors in target tissues (liver, bone, muscle, adipose).

  • ​Direct effects:​ Stimulates lipolysis and inhibits glucose uptake, leading to increased blood glucose levels (diabetogenic effect).
  • ​Indirect effects:​ Mediated primarily through the stimulation of ​Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1)​ production in the liver.

​GH → Liver → IGF-1 release → Binds to IGF receptors → Promotes cellular proliferation, linear bone growth (at open epiphyseal plates), and protein synthesis.​

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Closed epiphyseal plates (if seeking linear growth)
  • Neoplasia (may stimulate tumor growth)
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Hypersensitivity to the drug or formulation components
  • Patients with closed epiphyses (unless treating specific adult-onset deficiencies)
  • Known hypersensitivity
  • Active neoplasia

不良反應

  • Insulin resistance / Diabetes mellitus
  • Acromegaly (with prolonged use)
  • Antibody formation (when using human GH in pets)
  • Diabetogenic effect (hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus)
  • Local injection site reactions
  • Antibody formation (reducing long-term efficacy)

注意事項

​Important:​ Monitor blood glucose closely, as somatotropin is highly diabetogenic. Use with extreme caution in patients with a history of pancreatitis or those at risk for diabetes mellitus. In small animals, monitor for signs of acromegaly (broadening of facial features, increased interdental spaces, organomegaly) during prolonged therapy. GH therapy can also unmask underlying hypothyroidism.

藥物交互作用

GlucocorticoidsModerate

May antagonize the growth-promoting effects of somatotropin.

InsulinMajor

Somatotropin induces insulin resistance, potentially requiring significant adjustments in insulin dosage for diabetic patients.

監測

  • Serum IGF-1 levels
  • Blood glucose and urine glucose
  • Thyroid panel (TSH/T4)
  • Growth rate and body weight
  • Physical signs of acromegaly
  • Growth rate/body weight
  • Injection site reactions

藥物動力學

半衰期

狗approx 20-30 minutes (endogenous)

吸收

Well absorbed after subcutaneous (SC) or intramuscular (IM) injection.

分佈

Localizes to highly perfused organs, particularly the liver and kidneys.

代謝

Undergoes hepatic and renal degradation.

排除

Cleared rapidly from circulation, but biological effects (mediated via IGF-1) are prolonged.

過量

Acute overdose is unlikely to cause severe clinical signs other than transient hypoglycemia followed by hyperglycemia. Chronic overdosage leads to acromegaly and diabetes mellitus.

可用產品

劑型

  • Injectable solution
  • Lyophilized powder for injection
  • Injectable: 2-16 IU vials for reconstitution

獸醫用

  • Posilac (recombinant bovine somatotropin)

人用標示

  • Humatrope
  • Nutropin
  • Genotropin
  • Saizen
  • Norditropin

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA

Human authorized products used off-label under the cascade.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD

POM. Human authorized products used off-label under the cascade.

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store in the refrigerator (2-8°C). Do not freeze. Reconstituted solutions should be used within the timeframe specified by the manufacturer (usually 14-21 days) and handled gently to prevent protein denaturation.

飼主須知

體促素透過皮下注射給藥。

  • ​按時給藥：​ 請嚴格按照獸醫師的指示給藥，以維持穩定的荷爾蒙濃度。
  • ​監測飲水與排尿量：​ 此藥物可能會使血糖升高，並有引發糖尿病的風險。若發現寵物異常口渴或頻尿，請立即聯繫獸醫師。
  • ​儲存方式：​ 請將藥物冷藏保存。​切勿劇烈搖晃藥瓶​，以免破壞脆弱的荷爾蒙蛋白質結構。若需混合，請依指示輕輕滾動藥瓶。

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