錐蟲藍
Trypan Blue
Azo-naphthalene dye derived from toluidine
別名: VisionBlue · MembranBlue · MembraneBlue · azidione blue 3B · benzamine blue 3B · Niagara blue · Congo blue · diamine blue · CI Direct Blue 14 · trypanum caeruleum
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Babesiosis (B. canis) | 10 mg/kg | IV | once | — | 🌎 NA |
| Babesiosis (B. canis) | 10 mg/kg as a 1% solution | IV | once | — | 🌎 NA |
- Babesiosis (B. canis): IV (only)
劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。
概覽
錐蟲藍是一種活體染劑，也是一種較早期、目前較少使用的抗原蟲藥物，在獸醫學中主要用於犬巴貝斯蟲症（Babesia canis）的輔助治療。
- 臨床要點： 雖然它能迅速抑制原蟲血症並緩解臨床症狀，但無法清除感染。它常被用於穩定重症病患，因為它不像 imidocarb 或 diminazene 等根治性藥物那樣具有嚴重的抗膽鹼能或中樞神經系統毒性。
- 橋接治療： 由於它無法治癒感染，必須在一個月內使用 imidocarb 或 diminazene 等藥物進行後續的根治性治療。
- 眼科應用： 在人類和獸醫眼科中，它被用作手術染劑，用於對晶狀體前囊（在白內障手術中促進連續環形撕囊）和視網膜前膜進行染色。
- 實驗室應用： 在歷史上和現在，它被廣泛用作評估細胞存活率的活體染劑，因為它只能穿透細胞膜受損的死細胞。
作用機轉
- Anti-babesial action: Trypan blue blocks the C3b receptor on both the host erythrocyte membrane and the Babesia organism.
- Pathway: C3b receptor blockade → prevents the parasite from adhering to and entering the erythrocyte → halts parasite replication and suppresses parasitemia.
- Vital Dye Mechanism: As a vital stain, trypan blue is excluded from viable cells with intact cell membranes but penetrates dead or dying cells, binding to intracellular proteins.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Pregnancy (unless maternal benefits strictly outweigh fetal risks)
- Non-intravenous routes for systemic administration
不良反應
- Bluish discoloration of skin, mucous membranes, eyes, urine, and secretions (persists for weeks)
- Teratogenesis (when used systemically)
注意事項
Strictly Intravenous: When used systemically, it must be administered IV only. Compounded solutions should be administered through an in-line filter.
- Teratogenicity: Highly teratogenic across multiple species (rats, mice, rabbits, hamsters, dogs, guinea pigs, pigs). Use in pregnant animals only if absolutely necessary.
- Nursing: Distributes into milk, causing a bluish tint. Safety in nursing offspring is not established.
- Laboratory Interference: The dye tints plasma blue, which can artificially alter photometric-based blood test results and complicate the microscopic evaluation of blood smears.
監測
- Efficacy against Babesia clinical signs
- Erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (Note: bluish plasma may interfere with photometric tests and blood smears)
過量
No specific information located. Calculate dosages carefully to avoid acute toxicity.
可用產品
劑型
- Powder for compounding
- Ophthalmic solution (0.06%, 0.15%)
人用標示
- Trypan blue powder
- Ophthalmic stain 0.06% and 0.15% solutions
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store powder or solutions at 15-25°C (59-77°F). Protect from direct sunlight. Trypan blue for injection that is compounded from powder should be administered through an in-line filter during intravenous administration.
飼主須知
重要提示： 您狗狗的皮膚、黏膜、眼睛和尿液會變成藍色。這是藥物正常且預期中的反應，並無害處！
- 染色警告： 尿液和身體分泌物中的藍色可能會永久染污布料、地毯和家具。請在家中採取預防措施以保護您的物品。
- 持續時間： 藍色變色會在幾週內逐漸消退。
- 後續照護： 此藥物僅能控制症狀；它無法治癒感染。您的寵物絕對需要在一個月內使用另一種藥物進行後續治療，以徹底清除寄生蟲。
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