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熊去氧膽酸

Ursodiol

Ursodeoxycholic acid

膽汁酸 / 肝臟保護劑PO狗貓鳥

別名: Actigall · URSO 250 · URSO Forte · acidum ursodeoxycholicum · UDCA · ursodesoxycholic acid

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

5-15 mg/kg PO divided q12hPO· q12h
— 🐕

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis5-15 mg/kg PO divided q12hPOq12h—🌎 NA
Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy10-15 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24h—🌎 NA
Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice dailyPOq12h-q24h—🌎 NA
  • Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis: With immunosuppressive therapy. Note: Use of this drug at this dose is preliminary, but promising.
  • Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy: Safe and potentially beneficial.
  • Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis: May use as primary or adjunctive therapy.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy10-15 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24h—🌎 NA
Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis11-15.4 mg/kg PO either once daily or divided twice dailyPOq12h-q24h—🌎 NA
Adjunctive treatment of chronic hepatitis10 mg/kg/day POPOq24h—🌎 NA
  • Cholestatic liver disease, cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and copper-associated hepatopathy: Safe and potentially beneficial.
  • Chronic active hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis: May use as primary or adjunctive therapy. Cats usually get 1/6th of a capsule mixed with a small amount of food. Cats may still eat their food even if drug is sprinkled on top.

鳥

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Adjunctive treatment of liver disease10-15 mg/kg PO once dailyPOq24h—🌎 NA

劑量為合格獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新仿單及個別病患確認。

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概覽

熊去氧膽酸是一種天然的親水性膽汁酸，主要作為犬貓肝膽疾病的輔助治療。它具有保護肝臟、促進膽汁分泌及免疫調節的特性，能減少有毒膽汁酸對肝細胞的破壞，並有助於溶解膽固醇結石。

作用機轉

Ursodiol exerts its effects through multiple hepatoprotective and choleretic pathways:

  • ​Cholesterol Reduction:​ Suppresses hepatic synthesis and secretion of cholesterol and decreases intestinal absorption of cholesterol.
  • ​Gallstone Solubilization:​ By reducing cholesterol saturation in the bile, it allows the solubilization of cholesterol-containing gallstones.
  • ​Choleretic Effect:​ Increases bile flow, which helps flush toxic bile acids from the liver.
  • ​Cytoprotection:​ Reduces the hepatocyte toxic effects of endogenous hydrophobic bile salts (e.g., lithocholate, deoxycholate) by decreasing their detergent action on cell membranes, thereby protecting hepatic cells from apoptosis and necrosis.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Rabbits and other hindgut fermenters (converted to toxic lithocholic acid)
  • Biliary obstruction
  • Biliary fistulas
  • Cholecystitis
  • Pancreatitis
  • Cholangitis (if complete obstruction is present)

不良反應

  • Diarrhea
  • Gastrointestinal upset (rare)

注意事項

Ursodiol is strictly contraindicated in rabbits and hindgut fermenters. Use with caution in patients with complications associated with gallstones (e.g., biliary obstruction, cholecystitis). While useful for chronic liver disease, some patients may experience further impairment of bile acid metabolism. It will not dissolve calcified radiopaque stones or radiolucent bile pigment stones.

藥物交互作用

Aluminum-containing antacids

May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy

Cholestyramine resin

May bind to ursodiol, thereby reducing its efficacy

Taurine

Theoretical concern that chronic administration in cats may lead to taurine deficiency

監測

  • Efficacy via ultrasonography for gallstones
  • Improved liver function tests for chronic hepatic disease
  • SGPT/SGOT (AST/ALT) on a routine basis

藥物動力學

吸收

Well absorbed from the small intestine after oral administration (up to 90% in humans).

分佈

Enters the portal circulation. Ursodiol detected in the systemic circulation is highly bound to plasma proteins.

代謝

Extracted by the liver and conjugated with either taurine or glycine, then secreted into the bile. Undergoes entero-hepatic cycling and bacterial degradation.

排除

Mostly eliminated in the feces after being oxidized or reduced to less soluble compounds. Very little is detected in the urine.

過量

Overdosage of ursodiol would most likely cause diarrhea.

​Treatment:​

  • Supportive therapy.
  • Oral administration of an aluminum-containing antacid (e.g., aluminum hydroxide suspension) to bind the drug.
  • Gastric emptying (if large overdose occurred recently) with concurrent administration of activated charcoal or cholestyramine suspension.

可用產品

劑型

  • Oral Capsules
  • Oral Tablets

人用標示

  • Ursodiol Oral Capsules: 300 mg (Actigall & generic)
  • Ursodiol Oral Tablets: 250 mg & 500 mg (URSO 250 & URSO Forte; generic)

各地核准狀態

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store capsules at room temperature (15-30°C) in tight containers unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.

飼主須知

請將此藥物與食物一起餵食，因為在膽汁或胰液存在下藥物溶解得更快。肝臟疾病通常需要長期治療，請勿自行停藥。若寵物出現腹瀉等腸胃不適症狀，請聯繫您的獸醫師。

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